Destiny, Fate, Free Will and Free Choice in Oedipus the King - Oedipus and Fate :: Oedipus the King Oedipus Rex

Oedipus the King and Fate        D.T. Suzuki, a ren throwed expert on Zen Buddhism, called attention to the topic of informal will in iodine of his lectures by stating that it was the battle of God versus Man, Man versus God, God versus Nature, Nature versus God, Man versus Nature, Nature versus Man1.  These six battles constitute an ultimately greater battle the battle of free will versus determinism.  Free will is that ability for a hu human being being to make decisions as to what action he or she would like to lead and get hold of the freedom to live according to their own means and thus choose their own destiny determinism is the circumstance of a higher being ordaining a mans life from the day he was born until the day he dies.  Free will is in itself a far-reaching type that exemplifies the essence of what mankind could be when he determines his own fate.  But with determinism, a man has a predetermined destiny and fate tha t absolutely cannot be altered by the man himself.  Yet, it has been the desire of man to obviate the perils that his fate ho lds andthus he unceasingly attempts to thwart fate and the will of the divine.. Within the principle of determinism, this outright contention to divine mandate is blasphemous and considered sin.  This ideal itself, and the whole concept of determinism, is quite common in the workings of Greek and Classical literature. A manifest example of this was the infamous Oedipus of The Theban Plays, a man who tried to defy fate, and therefore sinned.         The logic of Oedipus transgression is actually quite obvious,  and Oedipus father, King Laius, also has an analogous methodology and transgression.  They both had unfortunate destinies Laius was destined to be killed by his own son, and Oedipus was destined to kill his father and marry his mother.  This was the ominous decree from the divinatory Oracle at Delp hi.  King Laius feared the Oracles proclamation and had his son, the one and scarce Oedipus, abandoned on a mountain with iron spikes as nails so that he would remain there to eventually die.  And yet, his attempt to obstruct fate was a failure, for a kindly shepherd

Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy: Sick Kid or Sick Parent?(4) Essay

Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy Sick Kid or Sick Parent?(4)In relating the details of Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy (MSBP), the initial reaction is usually shock, followed quickly by fascination. The reason for the latter is that the medical community has yet to make up their minds about what exactly MSBP is. The debate psychiatrical disorder v. child abuse. Essentially the arguments for both create a divide between the brain and behavior, though not relating the two. Munchausen Syndrome is a condition manifest by persons feigning or inducing illness in themselves for no other apparent gain than adopting the sick role and thus exposing themselves to painful and sometimes disconfirming and disfiguring medical procedures (7). The name of the syndrome originates from an eighteenth-century Baron, Hiernymous Karl Friedrich von Munchausen, who was a military mercenary widely known for regaling fantastical stories of exploits (6). While the Baron had no psychiatric condition or all further t ies with the medical nature of the syndrome, as it is known today, his connection to the syndrome derives from the proven fabrication of all his tales. In 1977, the British journalist Roy Meadow first use the term Munchausen By Proxy in an article that named children as the primary victims of the syndrome.At the time, the literature revealed the natural mother of the child to be the perpetrator of bring on and at times actual, illness (3). It is important to note that Meadows intended to apply MSBP to the problem of child abuse and while it is still extensively classified as such in child abuse and medical journals, the boundaries of the syndrome have been stretched with increased prevalence. The popular view of MSBP remains that it is a for... ...l, external experience. Lack of medical data and psychological mapping of the perpetrator causes MSBP to continue and increase in frequency over time. The issue of the proxy further complicates the reality in questioning what is unfeig ned and what ailments are genuine. Surveillance is the only answer offered right now, but I hope that there will soon be medical aid addressable for the perpetrators.ReferencesThis publisher reflects the research and thoughts of a student at the time the paper was written for a course at Bryn Mawr College. Like other materials on Serendip, it is not intended to be authoritative but rather to help others further develop their own explorations. Web links were active as of the time the paper was posted but are not updated. Contribute Thoughts Search Serendip for Other Papers Serendip Home Pagehttp//serendip.brynmawr.edu/

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Essays -- Wolfgang Mozart Biographies Bio Essa

Wolfgang Amadeus MozartWolfgang Amadeus Mozart, as he is generally known, was baptized in a Salzburg Cathedral on the day after his birth as Joannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus. The beginning and last given names come from his godfather Joannes Theophilus Perg mayr, although Mozart preferred the Latin form of this last name, Amadeus, more often Amad, or the Italiano Amadeo, and occasionally the Deutsch Gottlieb. Whatever the case may be, he rarely - if ever - used Theophilus in his signature. The name Chrysostomus originates from St. John Chrysostom, whose feast falls on the 27th of January. The name Wolfgang was given to him in keep an eye on of his maternal grandfather, Wolfgang Nikolaus Pertl. He was the seventh and last child born to musical author, composer and violinist, Leopold Mozart and his wife Anna Maria Pertl. Only Wolfgang and Maria Anna (whose nickname was Nannerl) survived infancy. He was born in a house in the H festernauersches Haus in Salzburg, Austria, on the 27th of January, 1756. Though he did not walk until he was three days old, Mozart dis conveyed musical gifts at an extremely early age. At the age of four, he could reproduce on the piano a melody played to him at five, he could play the violin with perfect intonation. In fact, with more recent evidence, Mozart is believed to have written his first composition just a few short days before his one-fourth birthday These compositions, an Andante and Allegro K1a and K1b, were written, Leopold noted, early in 1760, as he approached his fourth birthday. They are very brief, and modelled on the little pieces that his sister had been given to play (and which he also learnt the Wolfgang Notenbuch is a forgery). As they survive only in his fathers handwriting, it is impossible to determine how much of them are Mozarts own work. So when the six-year-old Wolfgang had proved his bonzer talents at the keyboard, Leopold was keen to exhibit those talents along with those of his gifted pianis t daughter, Nannerl. Thus Leopold undertook a four month tour of Vienna and the surrounding area, visiting every noble house and palace he could find, taking the entire family with him. Mozarts first known public appearance was at Salzburg University in September of 1761, when he took farewell in a theatrical performance with music by Eberlin. Like other parents of his time, Leopold Mozart saw nothi... ...ts of fever and general ill-health. And in his last ten years in Vienna, the constant need to write commissioned work - for he was the first of the composing freelances, with no regular patrons or court salaries - had worn him toss off to the point where one bout of fever was sure to finish him off. In July hed had the anonymous commission to write a Requiem for the Dead but that had been progressing slowly, because hed been supple with two operas - La Clemenza di Tito and The Magic Flute - and two cantatas at the same time. Thirty-five years of artistic, social and personal pr essure was taking its toll. Almost as soon as the cold cloths had been wrapped around his head, Mozart lost consciousness. He left no great last words his final utterance was an strain to express a drum passage in the Requiem, a sound that would haunt Sophie Haibel for the rest of her life. Perhaps, in his last semi-conscious moments, the sounds of the completed Requiem were sounding within Mozarts head, the perfect performance of his final masterpiece and swan-song that would never be heard. Shortly before one oclock on the morning of 5 December 1791, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart died at the age of 35.

Becoming a Doctor Essay examples -- Research Medical Career Essays

suitable a Doctor Many people think that becoming a doctor is difficult. Others ease up some sense that becoming a physician takes many years and is expensive. Most people realize that being a physician is difficult yet rewarding. All these people are correct. Becoming a physician is a long, arduous, expensive process that fire only be accomplished with great dedication. Before starting the process of becoming a physician (or any profession) you must do some honest soul searching. First of all you must be aware of the cadence commitment pertain in becoming a physician. Medicine is a career that requires many years of preparation. Generally most people graduate college at age 22 and medical school at 26. Then later 3 years of internship and residency, many physicians begin their career at age 29. However, the training for some specialties can last until the physicians early to mid 30s. Obviously this can delay plans for marriage and starting a family. Some people begin their med ical education after pursuing other careers, which can further delay the completion of their medical training. You must decide early on if you are willing to dedicate the time it takes to become a physician. As you can see, this is non a decision to be made lightly. More importantly, you must decide if medicine is a dramatic art that is right for the kind of person you are. I believe that there are three cornerstones of a successful career in medicine h A love for learning in general h A true intellectual curiosity about medicine in particular h A strong desire to help others. Being smart and doing well in the sciences are obviously important components of being a successful physician. However, do not fall into a medical career because you have done well in the sciences. Although this is a necessary requirement, you must withal be able to tie well with people. As a physician you have an opportunity to help others. Wanting to help others and enjoying helping others are necessary attributes of a good physician. This is something that cannot be taught. However, there are many other professions that can help others. Politicians, religious leaders and social workers all have the opportunity to help others, perhaps in larger numbers. Medicine is a career filled with choices. In what other career can you choose between delivering babies, taking care of children,... ...al Colleges (AAMC) and The American medical psychometric test Association (AMA). Many states require only 1 year of training after medical school (internship) in an approved residency program as the bare minimum for obtaining a license. Residency programs are accredited by the Accreditation Council of Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) through the Residency Review Committees (RRC). You need to have passed one of several exams to prove that you are competent (such as the USMLE). Letters of reference are usually required. A check of your malpractice history will also be obtained. The rules for grad uates of foreign medical schools are more complex and can be obtained from each state medical licensing board. Becoming a board assured physician in a specialty involves the completion of a residency in a given specialty, then completing a comprehensive exam (often a written and oral exam). When you have satisfied the requirements of that particular board you are now Board certified and are called a Diplomate of that board (e.g. Diplomate of the American Board of Emergency Medicine). There are 24 approved medical specialty boards in the U.S. Many boards require recertification every 7-10 years.

Gay Marriage Should be Legal :: Social Issues Gay Marriage Essays

On June 26, 2015, the US Supreme Court ruled that the US Constitution guarantees the right for same-sex couples to marry in all 50 US offers. Associate Justice Anthony Kennedy stated in the majority opinion The court this instant holds that same-sex couples whitethorn exercise the fundamental right to marry. No longer may this liberty be denied to them. Many conservatives are completely against snappy marriage and they nonplus stated that they will fight to have the Supreme Court ruling overturned. Christian politicians are using religious arguments to establish that homosexuality is an abomination. fleck this may be their belief, this country was founded on religious freedom, where the people are allowed to worship how they see fit. A ground rule, set up from the beginning, states that separation needs to be made between religion and government, so the two shall never meld to become a theocracy. With the issue of gay marriage, lines get blurred and religion rears its notch to influence a governments decision of who shall be married and who will be refused.The history of gay marriage spans decades, even centuries of undocumented ceremonies and commitments. While I would like to delve into the long history, I must stick to modern accounting of gay marriage and governments role in this record keeping. Denmark became a trailblazing country, leading the way for the concept of proveing same-sex couples in what we know as a civil union. This pioneering country voted on a law to register domestic partnership of gay couples on May 26, 1989. The law went into force on October 1, 1989. Shortly after the groundbreaking decision in Denmark, other European countries followed suit with registration for gay partnerships. The following countries have some type of registration for homosexual partnerships Norway, Sweden, Greenland, Hungary, Iceland, The Netherlands, France, Belgium, Portugal, Germany, and Finland.While European countries were progressively trying to reso lve the gay marriage issue, in the United States there were struggles to support gay marriage as a governmental approved institution. The first success was in hello on December 3, 1996 at 1103 a.m., when a lower court found that the constitution of the state of Hawaii was discriminating against homosexuals (known as the Hawaii 6). aft(prenominal) this ruling Hawaiis government set up a program offering Reciprocal Beneficiary Relationships where 62 spousal rights on the state level were given to homosexuals. This was a short-lived victory.

Sigmund Freud and Everyday Use :: Everyday Use essays

Sigmund Freud and eachday Use     Sigmund Freud is best known for his development and use of psychoanalysis. The theory of psychoanalysis focuses on the concept of how our unconscious thoughts, feelings, and emotions play an active role in our daily lives. The id, ego, and superego are the three mental zonas that encompass our psyche. Each regularize has a specific function The id functions on the pleasure principle the ego on the protection of the individual and the superego on protection of society. The degree of which each zone has been developed can be broken down and then analyzed. These three zones can be visualized by imagining a pie cut into three slices.   Every individual is composed of different amounts of each mental zone. The ultimate goal is to achieve the perfect balance of the three firmaments by understanding how each area works alone and contributes to make the whole. In the short story Everyday Use by Alice Walker, Dees actions are clea rly attributed to her over and under development in specific mental zones. Dee, rather Wangero as she prefers being called, suffers from an overdeveloped id, a distorted sense of ego, and an underdeveloped superego. With this degree of pull and tug, misunderstandings are a common make out between Dee (Wangero) and her peers.   The id is the main energy source for the psyche. The id ...knows no values, no good and evil, no morality (HCAL 130) it functions on instinctual motives. Dee (Wangero) possesses a straightforward, rather blunt, disposition about life. Life is hers for the victorious and she dares anything to stand in her way. She takes on the attitude that the world was created to satisfy her. Since the world gave her books to read, she expected the world to listen to her read because the world giving her clothing options to tell apart from, she expected the world to respect her choices in changing her name, she expected the world to honor this change. He r id was overdeveloped because she acted on instinctual sources rather than moral for her decisions. The overdeveloped id frequently appears when the self-centered, self-serving side of her plough more prominent than her outward orientated, selfless side.

Sigmund Freud and Everyday Use :: Everyday Use essays

Sigmund Freud and Everyday Use     Sigmund Freud is best known for his development and use of analysis. The theory of psychoanalysis focuses on the concept of how our unconscious thoughts, feelings, and emotions play an active role in our daily lives. The id, ego, and superego are the three mental zones that encompass our psyche. Each zone has a special(prenominal) function The id functions on the pleasure principle the ego on the protection of the individualist and the superego on protection of society. The degree of which each zone has been developed can be broken down and then analyzed. These three zones can be visualized by imagining a pie cut into three slices.   Every individual is composed of different amounts of each mental zone. The ultimate goal is to achieve the perfect balance of the three areas by under accepting how each area deeds alone and contributes to make the whole. In the short story Everyday Use by Alice Walker, Dees actions are cle arly attributed to her over and under development in specific mental zones. Dee, rather Wangero as she prefers being called, suffers from an overdeveloped id, a distorted sense of ego, and an underdeveloped superego. With this degree of pull and tug, misunderstandings are a common experience mingled with Dee (Wangero) and her peers.   The id is the main energy source for the psyche. The id ...knows no values, no good and evil, no morality (HCAL 130) it functions on instinctual motives. Dee (Wangero) possesses a straightforward, rather blunt, disposition about life. Life is hers for the taking and she dares anything to stand in her way. She takes on the attitude that the world was created to satisfy her. Since the world gave her books to read, she expect the world to listen to her read because the world giving her clothing options to choose from, she expected the world to respect her choices in changing her name, she expected the world to honor this change. Her id was overdeveloped because she acted on instinctual sources rather than moral for her decisions. The overdeveloped id frequently appears when the self-centered, self-serving side of her become much prominent than her outward orientated, selfless side.

A Study in Sociology Essay

Suicide always fascinated academic researches for a long sequence even so it is has been an argona of study limited to the field of psychology. Sociology is a relatively new field of tender sciences. It started looking into felo-de-se, not just as a individualized act, but as a well-disposed action which is not entirely divorced from social forces. This paper discusses pertinent studies on the phenomenon of self-destruction and seeks to present literatures concerning this act. Moreover, differing ideas and interpretations on suicide are presented to carefully elaborate different perspectives on the subject matter.A Study in Sociology Arguably the first person to connect suicide to the study of sociology is sociologist Emile Durkheim. He presented that although suicide is a private choice of the individual, the act is not separated from the context of a society. He looked into pre-existing records and analyzed suicide trends in different societies. Based on these suicide tre nds, thither are four classifications of suicide 1) Egoistic 2) Altruistic 3) Anomic and 4) Fatalistic. Social cohesion plays a vital role in Durkheims theories on suicide.Egoistic suicide occurs when a person has a relatively low degree of integration into a society. On the other hand, a high degree of integration into a society can also result in suicides that are meant for a higher(prenominal) cause within a society. He also argued that changes in social order and the individuals perception towards social change would explain lost suicides. The phenomenon of fatalism takes place in extreme social contexts, where a person would decide on killing himself rather than suffering dire social conditions (Durkheim, 1951). Self and rescriptFrom an object of study limited to psychology, suicide became a subject of sociology. Durkheims research proved that the traditional perspective that view the subject matter as a psychological behavior and entirely individualistic in nature is a constr icted framework when looking into suicide. This implies that social structures, social forces as closely as social conflicts and changes are intervening factors in a suicide phenomenon. C. Wright Mills (2000) supported that one cannot separate behaviors and actions of an individual from the larger social context.He wrote that the personal troubles of the milieu are connected to the public issues of social structure. The individual committing suicide must therefore be located in his social as well as historical contexts. Current Trends on Suicide Studies After Mills and Durkheim laid the foundations of suicide as a sociological subject, numerous studies concerning suicide have been conducted in both psychology and sociology. Currently, suicide studies are interconnected with other factors such as gender, poverty, small arms, mental disorders and even medicine.It is now think to modernity (Baudelot and Establet, 2008), attitudes and experiences of oncology patients (Emanuel, Faircl ough, Daniels & Clarridge, 1996), a demographic- special(prenominal) trend such as adolescents (Brent, et. al. , 1988), cultural forces (West, 2005), economic conditions (Ruhm, 2000), as well as access to weapons (Brent, et. al. 1991). Suicide and Modernity Baudelot and Establet (2008) worked with Durkheims exposit in their study of suicide.They stated that The link between suicide, affluence and individualism is more complexsuicide rates do reflect broad social trends but they are also influenced by the structural position and lived experience of small social groups. The notion of social well-being is demonstrated to be a key factor in changes in suicide rates. speckle sociology itself cannot accurately predict a suicide case, the collective gathering of these cases provides a fertile grease for sociological interpretations. Modernity is a historical as well as social era where social changes occur and these cases of suicide are descriptive of their milieu.Suicide, seen as such in the context of modernity, is a social fact. It describes the changes that occurred during the time of modernity. Societies that are rigid in its goals during the time of modernity are those that adamantly pursued modernization. It is in this context that suicide rates are known to be higher in the Communist Bloc, China and India (Baudelot and Establet, 2008). Economics and Suicide While both smashed and starving groups of individuals commit suicide, the role of economics cannot be downplayed in the study of suicide.On the macro-economic level, the period of modernity prominently features suicide trends in a time where economies were vibrant and booming. On the other hand, a stagnating economy, such as in a recession, also has an effect on suicide. Ruhm (2000) argues that unemployment is negatively correlated to mortality and that unemployment is positively correlated to suicide. In Japan, suicide is seen in a cultural context. Since individuals in the Japanese society are stro ngly connected to their social, political and cultural spheres, there is tendency for the push and pull of altruistic-egoistic suicide to occur.This is seen when the rule of law in Japanese society permeates the personal sphere such that debts and divorces are major factors impact suicide (West, 2005). Suicide and Norms Sociology also try to explain suicide in a broader senseby zooming out of the individual and focusing on social factors that affect the phenomenon. Psychology argues that those committing suicide are psychologically ill or that the individuals committing them are inept in their coping mechanisms. While suicide might come along irrational, there are rational premises that are least likely explored.Societies that are relatively more tolerant of suicide, as well as the individuals cognitive ability to rationalize the act are also extraordinary factors contributing to suicide trends. Rendering rational suicide normative in a society creates the positive feedback mechan ism necessary for a rational suicide to occur. This type of suicide is also surprisingly limited to a specific demographic, namely the educated and successful. Rationality of Suicide One of the fundamental question relating suicide and society lies in the rationality of the act.Is the act rational based alone on the perceptions and actions of the individual, thereby rendering the act an exclusive study within psychology? Or is this rationality of the act itself being defined not only in terms of the individuals values but a rationality that is predetermined by the values and norms of a society? Although there are many reasons for suicide, there are factors that least likely determine suicidal trends, but are potent social forces (i. e. education, family, religion) that must be considered.Suicide occurs for a number of reasons such as depression, substance abuse, shame, avoiding pain, financial difficulties or other undesirable fates. Defying the commonplace definition is the conc ept of rational suicide. Rational suicide is closedown ones life out of a conviction that one has lived long enough, that the likely future holds more pain than joy (Lerner, 2004). Surprisingly, rationality of a suicide act Keown (1995) showed that there is prime value placed on the moral intention behind the act of death itself.This applies not just in euthanasia but also in rational suicide. What are the intentions behind the suicide? Is the decision independent of lifes problems that can be work out? Is it free from outside pressure from a belief system, mores or culture itself? This is the litmus test of the rationality or irrationality of suicides. Sociological and psychological studies attempted to look into the duality of forces working on suicidesindividual and social. It is arguably psycho-social factors that are deterministic of the suicide trends across societies.Social institutions, many sociological studies posit, are contend a huge role in the nature and type of sui cides in a given society. Stack and Kposowa (2008) concludes that National suicide rates are predictive of individual-level suicide acceptability. However, the main predictors of suicide acceptability included a measure from social learning theory, religiosity, and a neglected measure of control theory, life satisfaction. While the act of committing suicide is a very individualistic act, there are factors to be considered that are social forces with repercussions and influences on individual action.The act of suicide presents how the personal milieu is linked to the larger issues within the social institutions.ReferencesBaudelot C. and Establet R. (2008) Suicide The Hidden Side of Modernity. John Wiley Publications. Brent, D. A. , Perper, J. A. , Goldstein, C. E. , Kolko, D. J. , Allan, M. J. , Allman, C. J. , and Zelenak, J. P. (1988) Risk factors for adolescent suicide. A comparison of adolescent suicide victims with suicidal inpatients. Archives of General Psychiatry. Vol. 45, No. 6, June 1988.

British cycling safeguarding and protecting children policy Essay

There are strategies that aim to nurture children and undefendable adults from people who might seek to abuse them and cause them harm. And in order to strike this is by monitoring people who seek admission to them by dint of their work, paid, unpaid and voluntary. They will have to be registered under the vetting and barring scheme and will be checked against one of two barred dips and those wishing to work with children and one for those who want to work with vulnerable adults.Recruitment of staff working with people who take away much care send word be so ch everyenging and it requires trained staff who know how to deal with them. It is very important a person to brook criminal records before working with vulnerable people, good checks and practice taking references from previous employers are very important as it might prevent attempt coming to vulnerable people. People who require bloods that involve the care of vulnerable adults will always be required for CRB check a nd this is significant to the safeguarding of vulnerable adults as it means giving greater protection to susceptible adults.No Secrets -Department of Health Guidelines 2000 this offers a structure and content for development of topical anaesthetic agency policies procedures and promotes safety to vulnerable people. This department is useful for people who feel they are at risk of abuse by their care providers and the local agency have the responsibility to protect and prevent any harm that comes to a vulnerable people. This also covers for to identify who is at risk and why this might be. And it sets out a multi-agency framework to support different agencies to work closer together.Safeguarding Adults A National Framework for Good practice and outcomes in Adults Protection Work 2005 this protects and ensures that all services are doing their job and preventing any form of violence, abuse, bullying, humiliation, and degradation towards vulnerable people. These working strategies h elp rivet the risk of adults being abused as each organization is required the performance of this work and representative on the local safeguarding Adults. This service also involves measuring achievements of the standards and introduced support programmes to assist in the process of safeguarding. They aim to ensure a nation-wide salute for protection of adults and closer multi-agency working.The Protection of Vulnerable Adults Scheme for Adults Placement Schemes 2004 this covers to protect adults from any sort of rick and harm and is required to staff who work in care homes, provide personal care in adults own homes or provide foster care for adults to be checked against the POVA list of banned professionals.Dignity in Care initiative 2006 This is a campaign that aims to end toleration of indignity in health and social care services through raising awareness and encouraging people to challenge poor service and lack of respect and also ensures all the order people to be hardene d with dignity and respect when receiving care from health and social care services. The service user receives a guide information which explains their rights and what they need to be provided and what they will be expecting from the health care services, this enables the elderly person to be aware of their rights and how they can identify when they are being abused by the care provider, this also helps reduce the risk and harm that might face the vulnerable adults.Human Right in Health Care -A Framework for Local Action 2007/08 This framework assists local NHS to trust develop and apply human rights approaches in the design and delivery of their services. Human rights aim to provide health care department with the principles of fairness, respect, equality, and dignity, this ensure all healthcare service users are not being discriminated against and are all being treated equally regardless of their backgrounds skin color and also as well as meeting Care Quality Commission standards of human rights and patients treatment and these working strategies reduces the risk of abuse towards patients and vulnerable people.Codes of Practice for Nursing and loving Work This strategy of codes of practice for nursing and social work helps to reduce the risk of abuse against the vulnerable individual as the code presents the professional standards that nurses and midwives moldiness uphold in order to be registered to practice in the UK. It is structured around four themes priorities people, practice effectively, preserves safety and promotes professionalism and trust and the code can be used by nurses and midwives as a way of reinforcing their professionalism.

Developing Promotional Strategies for Horticultural Products Essay

INTRODUCTION.The horticulture sub-sector of agriculture in Kenya has grown in the last decade to become a major foreign deputize earner, employer and contributor to food conducts in the country. Currently the horticulture industry is the fastest growing agricultural subsector in the country and is ranked third in ground of foreign exchange earnings from exports after tourism and tea. Fruits, vegetable and cut flower production are the main aspects of horticultural production in Kenya. In this write up, the horticultural products I pass on focus on are coriander, courgettes, cabbage, kales, spinach, indigenous vegetables like terere and managu, ginger, garlic, tomatoes and onions. These products will be directly sourced from my farm in Kitengela. assignment OF THE INNATE ANS ACQUIRED NEEDSAccording to Boyd (2010) humans become motivated when a need is aroused that they have a desire to satisfy. These needs bottom be physiological also known as essential e.g need for food, water, sex and cloths or they could be acquired needs which are learnt in response to an respective(prenominal)s culture or surroundings e.g need for affection, self esteem or prestige. The above menti aned horticultural products are food products that satisfy needs in the first level of Maslows hierarchy of needs i.e the physiological needs. Moreover, through the right packaging and promotion of these products, the acquired needs will be satisfied.THE PROMOTIONAL STRATEGIES found ON THESE NEEDSOrganizations use promotion to communicate with customers about products they offer because promotion is one half of the communication process with customers. It works co-operatively with market research in an iterative feedback loop so that the constantly changing requirements of users are met by promotional activities that target or even anticipate these expressed needs. progression involves making sure that customers are aware of the products that the organization makes available to them. Th e objective of my promotional strategy is to provide information about my products, increase demand for these products and to oppose the product. I will design different advertising messages to be placed in certain magazines like healthy eating magazines as well as Saturday Nation newspaper magazine and television advertisment. Moreover, through the social media i.e twitter and face book I will advertise my products. These adverts will focus on the benefits that clients will get on consumption of my products.The advert will be designed in such a way that it brings out the different innate and acquired needs that will be met. People have to eat and eat good food that is well presented, I will therefore, do word of communicate advertising and attend networking forums for horticultural products e.g the annual horticultural exhibitions says Wu (2012). As I display my products, I will ensure they are well packaged in clean, labeled packages so that as my purchase my products they are s atisfied with the packaging thus meeting both their innate and acquired needs. According to Stern and Adel (1988), word-of-mouth is one of the most credible forms of advertising because people who dont stand to gain personally by promoting something put their reputations on the line every period they make a recommendation. In the utilization of word of mouth advertising, I will incorporate brand advocates in this word of mouth ad.I will use personal selling as well. This will be one to one communication with a potential buyer. In this case the potential buyers I will focus on for personal selling are the restaurants, schools, hospitals and hotels. I will therefore, employ the use of sales men and use experiential market in this case. I will hire a tele-marketing researcher who will make follow up calls to clients who purchase my products to get their feedback on areas that I need to improve on as the researcher identifies their unspoken needs as well as their spoken needs.REFERENC ESBoyd, J.C (2010). Consumer Psychology. EnglandOpen University Press. Stern .L. W. & Adel I. E.(1988) Marketing Channels. Englewood Cliffs, N. J. Prentice sign of the zodiac Inc.Wu, J. M ( 2012) Consumer Perception of quality for horticultural products and related agricultural practices. OntarioGuelph.

International Business in Japan

AbstractCapitalist and mostly single family centered, Zaibatsu led to a static system of rules with weak rivalrous forces resulting in what is known as cordial oligopoly. (Niciejewska, 2007, pg 17) Keiretsu networks on the other hand, with its cross stockholdings is more dynamic and provided a more competitive business prudence that continued to drive the Nipp wholenessse economy during the post war halt. The high cohesion that existed between the participating firms in the unsloped keiretsu resulted in intersection and available efficiency that gave Japanese compensaters significant advantages in inter content food markets. The impact of teaching technology and the internet in particular enabled the western countries utilize modular output signal strategies and improved value string management with setting up of undertake output signal centers across the globe. The japans keiretsu firms struggled to fight the American companies that specialized in single core functio ns tether to what is known as the mega competition. Keiretsu networks are unsuitable under modern, glob exclusivelyy competitive, and technologically advanced market conditions. There is definitely a shift towards a more western centric business brass instrument.IntroductionJapanese corporate governance has undergone a lot of change since the Meiji restoration in 1868. It was during this sentence that the industrial revolution exposited across the world. The Zaibatsu originated when the Meiji authorities sold out certain government undertakings to a select few private and influential families to wit Mitsui, Mitsubishi, Yasuda and Sumitomo. These government controlled firms slowly developed into different industries that helped Japan grow economically strong. During this period Japan practiced a closed economic system and strange technology was altogether shunned except in areas concerning domestic development (Thorson & Whitney, 2003). The Zaibatsu which could be loosely tr anslated as monopolies emerged as the corporate structure that underlined the Japanese economy from this time till the end of the Second World War. In particular, the Zaibatsu or the industrial and financial conglomeration of the Japanese empire controlled a large percentage of the national economy during the first few decades of the twentieth century. In the aftermath of the World war 11 and the occupation of Japan by American forces, the Zaibatsu system was disjointed down and this gave rise to what is what is known as the Keiretsu system which is nothing but a group of companies with cross shareholdings and preferential business practices. Though the American government was bent on totally destroying the protectionary policies that the Zaibatsu system represented and proceeded with the dissolution of many Zaibatsu such as Asano, Furukawa, Nakajima, etc they stopped short of boom dissolution owing to hero-worship of the intrusion of Chinas communist practices into Japan. The formation of Keiretsu was an attempt to democratize the Japanese economy and to eliminate the restrictive policies (Thorson & Whitney, 2003). A brief overview of the firm structures in the Keiretsu and flourishing of Japanese economy between 1950-90, and its implications to the current Japanese economy would be discussed in this paper.Zaibatsu (Upto 1945)As briefly mentioned above, the Zaibatsu promoted a strong monopoly with holding companies at the top of the pyramid controlling all the operations between the various enterprises within the pyramid. Holding companies typically enjoyed the majority of the stocks of these businesses and more than 50% of the overall stocks of all the small companies that constitute the Zaibatsu were owned by its members (Thorson & Whitney, 2003). Stock options were never sold out to any third parties not connected with the zaibatsu making it a totally closed economic structure. The Zaibatsu was in short, a government led economic drive with strategi es as well as resources provided for by the government. Japans industrial growth witnessed a rapid upswing under the Zaibatsu system. Buoyed by it success at home, the Japanese government forced the Zaibatsu system in Korea when it colonized the country (Shim & Lee, 2008, pg 49).The Zaibatsu enjoyed complete domination with Mitsui, Sumitomo and Mitsubishi, enjoying as much as 28% of the assets in Japanese companies by 1929. Just when the World War II was about to finish the Zaibatsu had 22.9% of the Japanese company stocks. Thus a handful of Japanese families had control over a vast majority of the Japanese enterprises under the Zaibatsu system. The structure of the Zaibatsu changed very cursorily and soon there was intense diversification. For instance the single Mitsubishi Corporation rapidly diversified its business in to mining, shipping, insurance, occupation, etc in a very short period of time and soon transformed into a holding company that was at the top of the Pyramid cont rolling a range of individual yet committed businesses. The Iwasaki family owned and controlled the entire business network of Mitsubishi (Lincoln & Shimotani, 2009).KeiretsuKeiretsu represents a cluster of enterprises that are linked to each other by way of cross shareholdings and preferential trading practices creating mutual interests in the business progress. Keiretsu are basically divided into two main types namely Vertical keiretsu and plane keiretsu. However there are alike other keiretsu such as the distribution keiretsu that relate to the distribution networks of big manufacturers. For instance the distribution networks of Matsushita, Fuji Photo Film, etc come under the distribution Keiretsu (Shimotani, 1995). Keiretsu emerged as a protective response to the dissolution and distribution of the largely family owned stocks of the Zaibatsu. When hostile companies were taking over the zaibatsu firms the three main Zaibatsu leaders convened and arranged a solution of cross sha reholding and preferential trading policies that enabled them to retain the overall control of the enterprises among themselves. For instance the Mitsui, Sumitomo and Mitsubishi zaibatsu formed this strategic pact of cross shareholdings to maintain their stronghold in the business. This is how the Keiretsu emerged from the Zaibatsu. Soon by the 1960s a few big financial institutions in Japan such as Dai-Ichi Kangyo, Fuji and Sanwa joined with the Mitsubishi, Sumitomo and Mitsui to constitute what was popularly known as the sextette horizontal Keiretsu (Lincoln & Shimotani, 2009). Periodic meetings between the presidents council (shacho-kai) members and executive exchanges and cross share holdings formed the glue between these six Keiretsu. The horizontal Keiretsu is centered around a large commit.On the other hand, the upright Keiretsu are the large manufacturing companies and supply chain companies, the distributors etc. Unlike the flat Keiretsu there is no presidents council in the vertical Keiretsu but the groups of suppliers of a manufacturing firm represent that role (Miwa and Ramsayer, 2006). Similar to the horizontal Keiretsu, the firms in the vertical keiretsu are also linked together by share holdings across firms and preferential business policies. In vertical Keiretsu there is improved knowledge manduction by way of business transfers including exchange of experts and technical staff members across the vertical network. Overall, vertical Keiretsu promotes improved cohesion among the network firms. In fact, the increased colony of main firms on the supplier firms in the vertical Keiretsu even lead to large scale investments by these ancillary Japanese firms in US hobby the footsteps of the Japanese gondola manufacturing firms setting up their FDI in that Country (Banerji & Sambharya ,1996). In technology intensive industries of Japan vertical Keiretsu has greatly improved their international engagement by facilitating rapid knowledge sharin g across the partnership firms. Empirical studies that measured the effects of such knowledge sharing across the firms in the vertical Keiretsu clearly suggest positive productive gains (Branstetter, 2000). One of the important advantages of the vertical keiretsu is the improved coordination between the suppliers and the assemblers. In the keiretsu automotive industries the suppliers receive plenty of oblige in products manufacturing , processing and people management. This is distinctly different from the US approach where the suppliers and the assembly line operate entirely independently. This model of operation facilitates both the parties as it helps to narrow the overall risk for either party. (Lincoln & Shimotani, 2009) Thus the Keiretsu improved knowledge transfer among the networked firms, improved productivity, reduced risk for the firms and gave the Japanese companies clear advantage in the international market.Furthermore, Gerlach (2004), also notes that the Keiretsus were particularly important due to their one-set principle and networking. For instance, synergies were achieved in input and output, especially in the case of manufacturing. Centralized systems and departments were used in conducting basic support operations, which helped all subsidiaries in cost savings (Lincoln & Shimotani, 2009). Also, profit-trapping mechanisms were used in take, by distributing them effectively through subsidiaries (Lincoln & Shimotani, 2009). Cross shareholdings were also particularly important as it helped bar takeovers, encouraged risk taking amongst companies, and had a long term outlook on strategy (Sturgeon, 2006). One of the important examples of the vertical Keiretsu is the Toyota group. In fact, Toyota has a uncomparable distinction of being both a horizontal keiretsu as well as a vertical keiretsu. They key difference is that the massive size of the Toyota organization makes it possible to exist without being controlled by a central bank as is the case with horizontal keiretsu. Toyota with more than $72 billion in one-year revenue has the financial might to stand for itself without the dependence of any major funding source. However, it is associated with the Mitsui group horizontally. Toyota is also widely diversified like a horizontal keiretsu company with its firms representing industries as varied as real estate, computer development, aircraft development, nonlife insurance, etc.The disintegration of the Keiretsu (Why keiretsu failed?)The keiretsu system started to decline slowly by the early nineties and one study by Gerlach (2004) that analyzed the cluster networking pattern of 257 Japanese organizations between 1978 and 1998 found clear evidence indicating this shift away from the Keiretsu. Analysis of cross shareholdings merely confirmed the decline of the keiretsu structure (Lincoln & Shimotani, 2009). By the late nineties many major banks that were previously the core of the Horizontal keiretsu had already sold o ff major portions of their shares to international financial institutions (Ahmadjian and Robinson, 2001). Several Bank mergers further shook the keiretsu structure. Starting with the Mitsui and Taiyo-Kobe Bank merger in 1990 to the 1998 merger of Industrial Bank of Japan, Fuji and Dai-ichi Kangyo bank the largescale mergers of Japanese financial institutions led to consolidation of the related keiretsu firms (Lincoln & Shimotani, 2009).Globalization and technological changes further led to the withering of the Keiretsu. The numbers of board of directors were reduced and many outside(prenominal) personals took up the position. International investors further demanded the conducting off of the stocks in supplier firms and other affiliate firms. Furthermore, the global shift towards modular production system and the production efficiency that it gave rise to, along with a degree of independence between the firms that are involved, kind of eroded the production line advantages that Ja panese firms specialized in mass production under the keiretsu system had enjoyed for a long period. The growth of information technology and the adaptation of computer simulation technologies in production examination and experimentation and swift data exchange between the firms reduced the need for physical communication (which was key in Keiretsu) and drastically improved value chain management.(Sturgeon, 2006) standard production is propelled by ease of systems integration facilitated by information technology. By the 1990s modular production system was already in place in the US electronic sedulousness with its contract manufacturers spread across the globe. While the American firms capitalized on the internet enabled modular production systems and dominated the electronics industry and related computer hardware industry, Japanese electronics industry was still sticking to the components plus products strategy. Cisco systems for instance enjoyed total domination in the network routers market enjoying as much as 80% of the market share while simply outsourcing its device production to contracted producers such as Solectron and Flextronics. Often the production centers are located in low cost regions such as China giving a distinct advantage for the modular production strategy. This stemma between the modular production strategies of the American firms and the in house integrated production system of the Japanese keiretsu firms gave a clear advantage to the American firms. In other words, the Japanese keiretsu firms could not handle the mega competition from the American firms which specialize in single core functions or narrow core competencies. The following go into 1 illustrates the loss suffered by the Japanese keiretsu electronic industries in the early years of the new millennium. (Sturgeon, 2006)Another factor that accompanied global trade is the wavering of the exchange rates and its influence on the profit margin. Furthermore, the expansion into international markets and the associated transportation costs motivated many of Japans manufacturing firms to move their production facilities abroad as a cost effective solution. Though some suppliers too moved and invested in these new countries, in most cases the central firms such as Toyota started building trust and relationships with the local suppliers. Furthermore, changes in Japanese economic reforms including the Tax policies did not tolerate risk sharing measures as they used to forward which clearly undermined one of the key Keiretsu principles.ConclusionThe Large capitalist and mostly single family based zaibatsu companies flourished during the early twentieth century creating industrial monopolies that were closely controlled by the government. Zaibatsu led to what is known as a static system as most of the stocks are retained by the family that controls the business. Furthermore Zaibatsu promoted weak competition leading to what is known as cordial oligopoly.) Keire tsu on the other hand with its cross stockholdings is more dynamic and provided a more competitive business economy that continued to drive the Japanese economy during the post war period. The high cohesion that existed between the participating firms in the vertical keiretsu resulted in production and operational efficiency that gave Japanese manufacturers significant advantages in international markets. However, the Keiretsu principles of preferential business affected foreign companies from entering the Japanese markets.Globalization and increasing pressures from international organizations to sell off stocks in affiliated firms affected the cohesion that previously existed between the participating firms in the keiretsu network. Furthermore, the successful integration and mass production strategies of the keiretsu networks that helped Japanese manufacturing firms flourish were soon affected by the shift in global production strategies. Particularly, the concept of modular produc tion where product design could be isolated from its manufacture and the shift towards outsourcing in the western world created a dent in the Japanese manufacturing sector which was still stuck with the in house production policies. The impact of information technology and the internet in particular enabled the western countries implement modular production strategies and improved value chain management with setting up of contracted production centers across the globe. The japans keiretsu firms struggled to fight the American companies that specialized in single core functions leading to what is known as the mega competition. These fundamental shifts in organizational structure and strategies in the West have made the Keiretsu networks unsuitable under modern globally competitive and technologically advanced market conditions. There is definitely a shift towards a more western centric business organization.Bibliography Ahmadjian, Christina L and Patricia Robinson. (2001). Safety in Numbers Downsizing and the New Political Economy of geomorphological Adjustment and Globalization, New York M.E. Sharpe. Jae Seung Shim & Moosung lee, (2008), The Korean Economic System, Ashgate Publishing Ltd. England. James R Lincoln & Mashiro Shimotani, (2009), Institute for Research on Labor and Employment, Working Paper series, online University of California, viewed featherbed 9th 2012, Katharina Niciejewska, (2007) The Influence of Social networks in Japanese business. Keiretsu as a Japanese Network. Auflage , Germany. Kunal Banerji PhD & Rakesh B Sambharya, (1996), Vertical Keiretsu and international market entry The case of the Japanese automobile ancillary industry, Journal of international business studies. Vol 27, No 1. Lee Branstetter (2000), Vertical Keiretsu and Knowledge Spillovers in Japanese Manufacturing An Empirical assessment, Journal of Japanese and International Economies , Vol 14, bother 2, pg 73-104 Miwa, Yoshiro and J. Mark Ramsayer. 2006. The Fable of the Keiretsu Urban Legends of the Japanese Economy. University of Chicago Press, 2006. Thayer Watkins, The Toyoto Group The One and Only Horizontal and Vertical Keiretsu, Online San Jose State University, viewed Mar 9th 2012, Timothy J Sturgeon, (2006), Modular Productions Impact on Japans Electronic industry, MIT, IPC Working papers series. Viewed Mar 10th 2012,

Victory speech

Good evening the States. I stand here before you, overwhelmed by the final verdict of our unique nation. I, Paris Hilton am the first female candidate to suck up won the position of Presidency in this great country of ours. I have achieved the unthinkable Once again, America has demonstrated her ability to be different. While, I know, the pressure I expect to face in the coming years will be a lot, I promise that I will deliver on the trust and faith all of you have reposed in me. The Democrats have al elbow rooms striven hard to win and I symbolize them and thank them for the support they have given me. The last President, Barack Obama, Americas first African-American President, as some of us here know, has given me support throughout my campaign. I thank him for thisMy fellow Americans, I promise you that I will bring success except not without some hiccups. BE STRONG and confidence me, for those who do not, in time I will hopefully prove to you that I am the right person to bur den all these responsibilities on. I rely that a country should be run and managed just like we American women manage our houses orderly, neat, clean and well planned. I want to make changes in our infixed policies to ensure that this understanding of mine is effectively executed.The revenue department also should be run the way I run my household budgets Americans, we must intoxicate to spend only what we earn this is the only answer to our deficit balance of payments problem.The White House has been standing for the last two centuries and for the first time in its history I am going to use my redecoration budget on the out side rather than the inside. I plan to make a diachronic change. I have mulish, as some of you know, that the White House is going to be painted pink. Many people will object but divert do understand that this is necessary. It is befitting for a woman President to create the correct ambience for all the people who visit her.My father and mother tried t o discourage me in the beginning but seeing my determination supported me through thick and thin. Thank you dad, thank you mom, I hope I dont let you down now. I promise I will behave this time.I would like to thank Michelle, my designer for the outstanding evening gowns that she created. The dresses went a grand way in attracting big crowds. People were curious to see how I would look at every event. The media was fantastic in portraying my pictures in the best light. The swimsuits that I aucti one(a)d helped me get money for my campaign. I must also thank Diana, my hair stylist for her unstinting support. The new styles she created were ones that the public personally adored. Their hard work has give off and helped me win this hard-fought campaignThroughout my campaign all 17 of my dogs travelled with me across this vast nation. There were many difficulties they faced but they did not falter even once. They ate what was given to them and never complained about lack of sleep or c omfort. Without them, I could never have fought so long or so strong. This brings me to the pet licensing policy and one of the first things to address is that an American will be allowed to keep a maximum of twenty animals in the house, without a licence.Before I started campaigning I had acted in some movies and none of them were great hits. Therefore another policy that I have decided to make is that every movie I act in must run in every theatre tax-free everyday. This must continue for one monthI will not endorse anybody driving under the influence of alcohol because after the experience of being in jail for intoxicated driving, I realise that it is no fun. Teenagers and adults listen to your President dont drink and drive. However, this experience has not gone in vain. I appreciate the problems prisoners face in jail. The inmates orangeness clothing is poorly designed. It made me look fat and clashed horribly with my hair. I hope during my term as President, I can address some of these issues. I propose to invite some of the worlds top designers to suggest new designs for the inmates clothing.A lot of people wondered why a successful fashion socialite and struggling vocalizer like myself should run for the office of the nations President. I would like to take this opportunity to explain one of the most important reasons for this decision. Most of you know that I have grown up in the lap of luxury and have never had to work for a living. However, some months ago, my grandfather decided to pledge his wealth to charity. My Porsche, BMW and Mercedes were repossessed. I was even evicted from my Fifth Avenue apartment in New York. This is why I had to stand for elections to earn the salary that the President is paid with free readjustment and transportation thrown in.Come, my countrymen and join me to create a new page in history. Let us all work together in harmoniousness to create a more fashionable and enjoyable TOMORROW.And for tonight. LETS PARTY

Latino Race Ethnicity and Place in the USA Essay

Race people who shargon sensible characteristics, such as scratch up color and facial features that are passed on through reproduction social construction a societal invention that labels people based on physical appearance. Skin color, hair texture, and eye shape are examples of un cope with treatment Ethnic Group a root word of people who identify with a popular national origin or cultural heritage that includes language, geographic roots, food, customs, traditions, and/or religion. Puerto Ri fecess, Chinese, Serbs, Arabs, Swedes, Hungarians, Jews Racial-Ethnic Group people who arrive distinctive physical and cultural characteristics. Immigrants Illegal immigrants do the jobs that near Americans dont want like clean homes and offices, nannies and busboys, nurses aides, and pick fruit for low wage Dominant and minority Groups Dominant Group some(prenominal) physic every(prenominal)y or cultur eachy distinctive group that has most economic and political power, the grea test privileges, and the highest social status. Men are dominant group because they produce more status, resources, and power than women. Apartheid a formal system of racial segregation Minority a group of people who may be subject to derived function and unequal treatment because of their physical, cultural, and other characteristics such as sex, sexual orientation, religion, ethnicity, or skin color. American minorities have fewer choices than dominant group members in conclusion homes and apartments because they are less likely to get help from a bank to help with mortgage. Patterns of Dominant-Minority Group Relations Genocide the systematic effort to kill all members of a particular ethnic, religious, political, racial, or national group. Holocaust in Ger more Segregation the physical and social separation of dominant and minority groups. De Facto informal may be voluntary as when members of racial or ethnic groups prefer to live among their own group. Due to discrimi nation -De Jure Legal replaced by de facto Assimilation the process of conformist to the culture of the dominant group, adopting its language and values, and intermarrying with that group. Mexicans are less likely to assimilate in the US than immigrants from the Philippines, Vietnam or South Korea because they are more likely to have entered the country illegally which cuts them from getting a good job, most public assistance programs, and eventual citizenship Pluralism minority groups retain their culture but have equal social standing in a society. The US is pluralistic because it is multicultural, multicolored, and multilingual. Also, the US has most racial and ethnic communities (Little Italy, Greek Town, Little Korea, Spanish Harlem) live peacefully side by side Some Sources of Racial-Ethnic Friction Racism a set of beliefs that ones own racial group is naturally superior to other groups. Prejudice an attitude, positive or negative, toward people because of their membership . Different from us in race, ethnicity, or religion. Asians are really hard workers black-and-blue people cant be trusted Stereotype an oversimplified exaggerated generalization about a category of people. Can be positive only African Americans are athletic Can be negative All African Americans are lazy Ethnocentrism the belief that ones own culture, society, or group is inherently superior to others. Reject those outside of our group Scapegoats individuals or groups whom people blame for their own problems or shortcomings. They didnt hire me because the company wants blacks I didnt get into that college because Asian Americans are at the top of the list Minorities are scapegoating targets because they differ in physical appearance and too powerless to take in back. Stereotypes, ethnocentrism, and scapegoating are attitudes, but lead to discrimination. discrimination any act that treats people unequally or unfairly because of their group membership. Range from social s lights (not inviting a co worker to lunch) to rejection of job application and hate crimes. Can be subtle (not sitting next to someone) or blatant (racial slurs) Individual inconsistency harmful transaction on a one-to-one basis by a member of a dominant group against a member of a minority group. Discrimination while eating in restaurants, shopping, buying house, applying for job, etc. Institutional Discrimination unequal treatment and opportunities that members of minority groups experience as a result of the casual operations of a societys law, rules, policies, practices, and customs. Heath services minorities get lower quality care than white people even when treated by the same doctor. Relationship between Prejudice and Discrimination Robert Merton described the relationship between prejudice and discrimination as 4 patterns 1. Unprejudiced Nondiscriminators All-weather liberals They arent prejudiced and dont discriminate they believe in the American creed of freedom 2. disfavor Discriminators Active Bigots They are prejudiced and do discriminate. They are willing to break laws to express beliefs 3. Unprejudiced Discriminators Fair-weather liberals They arent prejudiced but they discriminate because its in their own self interest to do so 4.Prejudiced Nondiscrimination Timid Bigots They are prejudiced but dont discriminate. Major Racial and Ethnic Groups in the US europiuman Americans immigrants from southern and eastern Europe they viewed newcomers as dirty, lazy, and uncivilized because they differ in language, religion and customs. Latinos many Latinos who were professionals in their native land only find low-income jobs in the US. They often have a hard time to both work and learn English well enough to pass exams to become doctors, lawyers, and accountants. Many are successful though.Earn purify hourly wages because they are older, better educated, and more likely to be employed in construction than agriculture. African Americans They are successful. A third of all black households earn incomes of $50,000 or more. Asian Americans the most successful Asian Americans are those who speak English relatively well and have high tuition levels. Have higher educational levels than any other US racial-ethnic groups. Most likely to be concentrated in highly skilled occupations like instruction technology, science, engineering, and medicine. American Indians they are not immigrants, they have been in the US longer than any other group. They have made considerable economic progress by insisting on self- determination and the rights of tribes to run their own affairs. Most of them work in construction and repair, maintenance, and personal and laundry services. Middle Eastern Americans one of the most diverse and complex combinations of geographic, historical, religious, linguistic, and even racial places on Earth. Tend to be better educated and wealthier than other Americans. Well integrated into American life.Three of q uad speak only English at home or speak it well and more than half are homeowners. Sociological Explanations of Racial-Ethnic Inequality Functionalism (macro) Prejudice and Discrimination can be dysfunctional, but they provide benefits for dominant groups and stabilize society. Conflict (macro) Powerful groups maintain their advantages and perpetuate racial-ethnic inequality primarily through economic growth Primary Labor Market held primarily by white workers, provide better wages, health and pension benefits, and some measure of job security petty(a) Labor Market (fast-food employees) are largely minorities and easily paid, their wages are low, there are a few benefits and working conditions are poor. Feminist (macro and micro) Minority women suffer from the combined effects of racism and sexism. Gendered Racism the overlapping and cumulative effects of inequality due to racism and sexism. Symbolic Interactionism (micro) Hostile attitudes toward minorities, which are learn ed, can be reduced through cooperative interracial and interethnic contacts. Attitudes toward dominant and minority groups through labeling and selective perception can increase prejudice and discrimination. Contact venture the idea that more people get to know members of a minority group personally, the less likely they are to be prejudiced against that group motley and Interethnic Relationships Miscegenation marriage or sexual relations between a man and a woman of different races. The increase in intermarriage reflects many interrelated factors both macro and micro that include everyday contact and changing attitudes

Ethics in Public Relations Essay

Nowadays, Public relations is one of the fastest-growing fields of tradingal employment worldwide. The creation relation profession is constantly having to adapt to the needs of society through which different tribe and different organizations from different countries mark a variety of definitions. For this reason, the number of ethical dilemmas in normal relations continues to grow as well. whatsoever of the numerals with moral philosophy that can be found with public relations is the withholding of nurture from the public, directly and indirectly paying for independent and objective views and opinions, biased approaches and loyalty, distortion of reality, propaganda, bailing out and promotion of questionable industries, the funding of apparent movement groups by various industries, the use of Video News Releases, the Accreditation in Public Relations, and pseudo events. The Public Relations Society of Americas Code of Ethics has a foundation that lies in the Member dictat ion of Professional Values. These Values include advocacy, honesty, expertise, independence, loyalty, and fairness. There are also six provisions involved in the PRSA Member Code of Ethics Enhancing the Profession, Conflicts of Interest, Safeguarding Confidences, Disclosure of Information, Competition, and Free Flow Information. Of all the Principles and values listed above, I visualize the most important of the list to be the Value of Fairness and the Principle of Free Flow Information.The heart and soul Principle of Free Flow of Information states, Protecting and advancing the free flow of accurate and aboveboard information is essential to serving the public interest and contributing to informed decision making in a democratic society. What I believe this means is that the member should be honest in all proceedings, correct any wrong information promptly, and be sure that the free flow of information is preserved and unbiased. wiz thing that interested me was Henry Mintzbergs outline over the five definitions of dodging including strategy as a plan, pattern, position, perspective, and ploy. As a plan, strategy is concerned with setting up guidelines to lay out direction for an organization. As a pattern, strategy consists of various actions carried out with consistency by firms. Strategy as a position looks at how organizations interact with the external environment and how they place themselves in the competitive environment.One thing that truly stood outto me was the mention of the VNRs, or the Video News Releases, which are video segments make to look like a news report aimed to inform an audience, however it is created by a public relations firm, advertising agency, marketing firm, corporation, or government agency. The issue with the ethics behind the VNRs is the issue of deception to the audience or using these segments as a propaganda technique. VNRs are a brisk part for news delivery, however when the news becomes more of a commercial for a c ompany, many issues with ethics begins to form that allow for many to ponder the line between right and wrong of the ethics regarding public relations.Over time, I feel that the ethical issues regarding public relations will improve and evolve with the time. What is wrong right now may not be unethical in the future. For this reason, it is important for journalist and people in PR to focus on the many the issues now in public relations to get and improve.

Acquisition Of Metaphor Through Teaching Culture Education Essay

The inquiry survey exit critically analyse the acquisition of metaphor through teach civilization to Iraqi scholars of side as a 2nd linguistic communicating. Additionally, the search go forth convey to illume the assorted challenges confronting diverse Iraqi scholars when analyzing incline as a 2nd linguistic communicating through metaphors. It will excessively seek to tot up recommendations that will assist get the better of the challenges every geek good as how best to apply metaphors in assisting Iraqi scholar instruct English. Due to globalization characterized with free motion of people, capital goods and services, it has source to be of paramount significance for all human races to endeavor to larn at least a foreign linguistic communication ( MacArthur & A Littlemore, 2008 ) .As a consequence a figure of states curiously in Middle East have resorted to larn such linguistic communications as English to assist them get by with the bubbling phenomenon of globalis ation. However their desire has been marred with a figure of challenges curiously when such mechanisms as utilizing metaphors be utilise. It is deserving observing that bookmans such as Straub, 1999 suggested that the best manner to contain a foreign linguistic communication to pupil is to utilize their civilization. This can be do success unspoilty when the pupils atomic number 18 made cognizant of their civilization every bit good as supplying them with more or less sort of meta-language in install to speak about civilization ( Low et al.2008 ) .The research is of a quid of importance as it closely analyzes acquisition of metaphors by non English speech production Iraqi pupils. The findings will be of importance to assorted stakeholders such as instructors of English as Second Language ( ESL ) , pupils, counseling sectors, other research workers and larning establishment at big every bit good as Non-g everyplacenmental Organization,The create recommendations will be ado pted by larning establishments to assist them successfully teach pupils English, a linguistic communication that is non native to them. Not transporting out this research will causely picture that the assorted ways of desegregation metaphors in learning English, the challenges faced will non be brought to visible radiation.Research inquiryBased on the research subject, three major inquiries were developed to steer the survey. These arHow argon metaphors used through teaching civilization to assist Iraqi pupil learn English? ( Littlemore, 2009 )What argon the challenges confronting both instructors and pupil when utilizing metaphors?What are the major recommendations that will assist control the above said challenges and surrogate English acquisition? literature reappraisalThe chief aims of learning civilization to pupil are it assist them to develop a clear comprehension of the fact that all show behaviours that are profoundly rooted from civilization, societal variable/ demograp hic features do every bit good as topographic raze of abode do conflict on how persons communicate, stimulate their rational wonder with respects to certain civilization hence promoting empathy towards others, developing tycoon to advert but a few ( Littlemore, 2003 ) . This therefore was seen as an avenue that can be successfully used to learn English via metaphors.It is of import to bear in head that legion theories have been brought onwards to assist reply the inquiry, how do scholars get foreign linguistic communication? Traditionally, grammar interlingual rendition methods were used to learn pupils foreign linguistic communications. It entailed memorisation of dour list of vocabularies that were translated. Later in the old ages, the focal point shifted to coming up with linguistic communication accomplishments such as authorship, listening, reading and speech production. Whether wittingly or unwittingly the phase of learning foreign linguistic communications actively inv olved utilizing metaphors ( Littlemore, 2004. One illustrious bookman, Light created a metaphor with the purpose of assisting set up the assorted elements of grammar so that it could be used to learn English as 2nd linguistic communication.Leeboard held that metaphors and associating theories, portion the attempt to form thought by puting in gesture an interaction between familiar and or comprehensible on one manus and the thing to be explained on the other. Metaphor has the ability of showing significance by mentioning to a different conceptual sphere and has been thought as a vehicle through which cognition is transmitted. Harmonizing to Laoff & A Johnson, 1980 metaphors are poetic imaginativeness and the rhetorical flourish a affair of extraordinary instead than ordinary linguistic communication. The major types of conceptual metaphor normally used are structural metaphor, the beginning sphere supplies a moderately drawn-out cognition construction for the mark constructio n . They help increase linguistic communication understanding. Ontological metaphors are those that have abstraction and represent something deep for movement objects or a individual. Learners are made to visualise experiences via objects. Last, orientation metaphors provide even less conceptual construction for mark constructs than ontological 1s. Their cognitive occupation, alternatively, is to do a set of mark constructs coherent in our conceptual system ( Kovecses, 2002 ) . information hookupThe research will use a assorted research design method. It is of import to travel along that theoretical survey calls for deeper excavation of assorted literatures runing from diaries, publications, books, other signifiers of literature and from the cyberspace ( Boers & A Littlemore, 2000 ) . Qualitative research will besides be employed in the survey the attack seeks to contextualize the research by plunging the research worker into the survey scenario every bit good as with the sur vey topics. Hypothesiss are developed and informations is hive away and the consequences tend to be subjective. A instance survey as a sub type of qualitative research is used to guarantee that the survey is flexible plenty to give the research worker elbow room to look into issues that were non antecedently thought of and could be deserving being brought to visible radiation ( Tabachnick & A Fidell, 2000 Littlemore, 2004 ) . foregoing to existent aggregation of informations, a pilot survey will be carried out in order to assist set the questionnaires whenever deemed necessary.Questionnaires will be used to roll up relevant information I will administer them to respondent situated in the targeted establishment of higher acquisition and would be quiet by and by at an in agreement day of the month. Harmonizing to Beiske, ( 2002 ) questionnaire covers a big population at a clip as they would be distributed to different participants at a clip and be collected subsequently or at the same twenty-four hours depending on the willingness of the responded in turn toing the inquiries, due to it being similar they are more nonsubjective, informations collected from questionnaire are easy to analyse, due to acquaintance with the tool, responded will non be discerning, it is besides really cost effectual as compared to confront to confront interviews, the tool besides reduces prejudice.The questionnaires will be issued to who are in a place to Iraqi pupils in higher instruction as they are in a better place to supply the needed set of informations. Additionally, instructors will besides be sought after to give more penetration. Harmonizing to Littlemore, 2001 the major job with questionnaires as a tool of informations aggregation is that there is inclination of respondent to bury critical information, they may reply the inquiries superficially when it is a long one, to counter this I developed a short but really inclusive questionnaire, due to standardisation, ther e is no room for account incase respondents misinterpret or make non understand the inquiries ( Littlemore, 2005 ) .The information will be collected from Iraqi pupils in higher instruction and will be make over a span of one month. As indicated by Littlemore, 1995 Littlemore & A Chevalier, 1997 some of the ethical consideration includes the followers the targeted sample populations that will be involved in the survey to supply relevant information are to be informed about the same in progress. The grounds for transporting out the study every bit good as how they stand to derive from the survey will besides be brought out clearly.As good, research moralss demands that the information be sought after by the research worker will be provided in good religion, and voluntarily without any influence be it pecuniary or otherwise for case giving of inducements, wagess, and gifts. It is of import to observe here that the rights and public assistance of the participants involved in the s urvey mustiness be protected and guaranteed. To make this, their individualities will be kept confidential. Furthermore, the information collected while beging for informations is to be kept confidential and opt non to be used in any other purpose unconnected from what was ab initio intended for ( Low & A Littlemore, 2009 Littlemore, 1995. ) .Methods of analysisAfter informations aggregation, coding will be done. SPSS statistical package will be used in analysing informations. To set up which point airs as being the greatest challenge in utilizing metaphor in learning English, a cross tabular matter analysis will be done. Similarly, correlativity and arrested development analysis will be done to prove the relationship between the challenges and acquisition of metaphor through civilization instruction. Descriptive statistic will be used to picture demographic features every bit good as other variables. This will be in signifier of tabular arraies, graphs and charts ( Chambers et al. , 2004 ) .Original partThe paper will make full the spread in literature sing major challenges confronting metaphor acquisition through teaching civilization. much significantly, the recommendations to control these challenges will be a encouragement to the literature in linguistics. The research subject has non been tackled and presented for an award of any grade in any establishment of higher acquisition hence it is my ain slice of work. It will put land to further understand the whole issues with respects to challenges and what can be done in future to control such jobs in linguistic communication acquisition particularly English to non native talkers ( Boers & A Littlemore, 2000 Littlemore & A MacArthur, 2006 ) .

Walking Contradiction

Now I know how parents may feel when their teenage kids are playing in that location depressing and gothic euphony at full blast at the middle of the night. Its clear that approximately plentys opinions are that the lyrics featured in these gothic or metal mobs are usually to do with several(prenominal) sort of bad language, death and violence. A feature most predominantly in many of Marilyn Mansons songs. A quote reveals how passel judge him for either circumstance when a dudes getting bullied and shoots up the school and they bill it on Marilyn, and the heroin This reveals peoples attitude towards this individual.In any case people have their preferences and mine involve Beegees. Now dont get me wrong, Im not a golden oldie, but the best music had to have been do in the 70s or 80s. Perfectly good examples of these would have been Abba and Gloria Gaynor. Now neither of these people needed to embolden sex, drugs and rock and roll to cheat on records, which is what seems to be happening today. Artists seem to swear more and more to sell more and more, now tell me is this right?Any ways dont get me wrong not every artist is like that There are a handful of bands, which dont need negative aspects to sell their music. cardinal band in particular is Kool and the gang, now if I may claim to liking the classic band does that necessarily mean that I must write get rid of every modern day music as nigh of you people do. All of you people seem to be determined to write off any artists that bear the name Eminem or Marilyn Manson, or any artists that swear or have some sort of opinion not matching yours.The truth about the matter is that you use these individuals as scapegoats, so that you have something to blame when your baby bird has done something wrong or you have something to blame for the way your child behaves. The fact of the matter is that music is a way of expression, and that no matter how or why people complain about aspects of it the reality is that you are powerless to stop any kind of music from advance out. But most importantly you are powerless to stop your children from listening to it.At the end people can listen to whatever type of music, from anything from Bob Marleys No woman No cry to a more modern day song such as Rage Against The Machines Bullet in the leave. I personally have gotten into Metallica recently, just like how a vampire needs his blood, I admittedly need to listen to the enlightening and somewhat depressing lyrics, as well as the bone crunching and indoctrinating guitar riffs daily.Without these I am happy to say that I would be a lifeless, dull and uncaring individual (One which requires psyche to master him as a puppet). But with all this said hate and love have been with us from the beginning of time, and they will continue to be with us until the end. I only ask that people give in the fact that drugs and violence have always been in lyrics and will forever remain so, the mark thing is to learn to deal with it Show preview only

Trade, Money and Capital

B. TRADE, MONEY AND CAPITAL Features of a new(a) economy 1. Specialization and division of labor 2. Measure economic values 3. Stock of capital * Trade, speciality and division of labor. * Specialization occurs when people and countries concentrate their efforts on a particular set of tasks, it permits each some whizz and country to use to best advantage the specific skills and resources that ar available. * Division of labor dividing production into a number of small-specialized steps or task. * Specialization and trade are the key to high living standards. * globalisation Globalization is used to denote an increase in economic integration among nations. Increasing integration is seen directly in the dramatic increase in the glows of goods, services, and finance across national borders. * M geniusy the lubri cleart of reciprocation * Money is the means of assumement in the form of currency and checks used to buy things. Lubri hind endt that facilitates exchange. * Gover nments affirm the money supply through their center banks * Money is the medium of exchange.Proper management of the financial system is one of the major issues for government macroeconomic policy in the countries. groovy * Capital a fired and durable input, which is itself an create of the economy. It consists of a vast and specialized array of machines, buildings, computers, software, and so on. * Capital has to be produced before you use it. * emergence from the sacrifice of current employment * Economic activity involves forgoing current consumption to increase our capital. all time we invest we are enhancing the future productivity of our economy and increasing future consumption. * Capital and personal property In a market economy, capital typically is privately owned, and the income form capital goes to individuals. * Capital goods also have market values, and people can buy and sell the capital good for some(prenominal) price the goods will fetch. * The ability of i ndividuals to own and profit from capital is what gives capitalism name. * While our society is one built on private property, property rights are limited (taxes and government) * property rights for capital and pollution * Property rights define how individuals or firms can own, buy, sell, and use capital goods and other property. An efficient and acceptable legal poser for a market economy includes the definition of clear property rights, the laws of contracts, and system for adjudicating disputes. C. THE VISIBLE HAND OF GOVERNMENT. * each(prenominal) goods and services are voluntary exchange for money at competitive market prices that reflect consumer evaluation and social costs. * No economy actually conforms totally to the idealized world of the smoothly functioning unperceivable hand. * Economic imperfections lead to such ills as pollution, unemployment, financial panics, and extremes of wealth and poverty. Governments operate by requiring people to profit taxes, obey regu lations, and consume certain collective goods and services. * Government have 3 main economic functions in a market economy * Increase efficiency (public goods) * Promote equity (taxes) *Foster macroeconomic perceptual constancy and growth (economic growth) * Efficiency * Perfect competition Refers to a market in which no firm or consumer is crowing enough to affect the market price. * Imperfect competition When buyer or seller can affect a goods prices. Leads to prices that rise above cost and to consumer purchases that are reduced on a lower floor efficient levels. Monopolist a singles supplier who alone determines the price of particular good or service. * Externalities * Externalities (or spillover effects) occur when firms or people impose costs or benefits on others outside the marketplace. * Government regulations are designed to control externalities like air and water pollution damage from strip mining, hazardous wastes, unguaranteed drugs and foods, and radioactive mate rials. * Public Goods * Public goods are commodities, which can be enjoyed by everyone, and form, which no one can be excluded (national defense). * Taxes The government must find the revenues to pay for its public goods and for its income redistribution programs. *All levels of government collect taxes to pay for their spending. * Taxes are the price that we pay for public goods * They are involuntary. * Equity * Markets do not necessarily produce a fair distribution income. A market economy may produce inequalities in income and consumption that are no t acceptable to the electorate. * The reason is that incomes are determined by a across-the-board variety of factors, including effort, education, inheritance, factor price, and luck. To reduce income inequality * Engage in progressive taxation taxing large incomes at a higher rate than small incomes. * Transfer payments which are money payments to people. * Macroeconomic growth and stability * Thanks John Maynard Keynes we know ho w to control the worst excess of business cycle. By alert use of fiscal an monetary polices, governments can affect make, employment, and inflation *The fiscal polices of government involve the cause to tax and the power to pend. * Monetary policy involves determining the supply of money and interest rates. Macroeconomics polices for stabilization and economic growth include fiscal polices along with monetary polices. * Mixed economy in which the market determines output and prices in most individual sectors while government steers the overall economy with programs of taxation, spending, and monetary regulation. * The rise of the well-being dry land * Laissez-faire (leave us alone) holds that government should interfere as a little as come-at-able in economic affairs and leave economic decisions to the private decision making of buyers and sellers. Welfare state is one un which markets direct the detailed activities of day-to-day economic life while government regulates social conditions and provides pension, wellness care, and other necessities for poor families. * The mixed economies. * The success of market economies may lead people to overlook the pregnant contribution of collective actions. * The tools of economics are indispensable to help societies find the golden mean surrounded by an efficient market mechanism and publicly decide regulation and redistribution * The good mixed economy is perforce the limited mixed economy

Porter s Five Forces

Porters Five Forces Porters five forces is a tool for developing corporate strategies to become or remain private-enterprise(a) in an industry. The porters five forces diagram are shown like Five forces that determinant competitive places in a business situation are Supplier Power Which is how easy it is for suppliers to drive up prices. Buyer Power Which is how easy it is for buyers to drive prices down. Competitive Rivalry The number and cap baron of competitors. Threat of replacing This is affected by how easy guest could find another thing to replace.Threat of New Entry The ability of people to enter market. Porters Five Forces Analysis for Apple 1. Supplier Power As Apple has to stand a lot of attention to develop new technology, scale production of a specific office has decreased. This may result in a negotiation with foundry and affect the overall prices. However, the technique collect for foundry is relatively low, so there is a lot of supplier to choose from. Therefo re, the power of supplier is low. 2. Buyer Power Apple focus on young and high-income groups, due to its successful brand, it aka apple fabricate as a fashion.Also, as most of the product are based on a merge architecture and style, when a user purchases a product of Apple, they already know the other product. So the customer will be less hesitant and have a high loyalty to the brand. Therefore the power of the buyer is low. 3. Competitive Rivalry Computer Hardware Dell, Leno, Acre and other PC manufacturers Computer Software Microsoft, Google call up Monika, Samsung, Motorola, ETC and other smart machines Handheld entertainment devices Sony Walkway, etc. Tablet Sony, Leno, Samsung, etc.

EXAM QUESTION Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

tryout QUESTION - Coursework ExampleThe expected cash outflows depend on the bulge of various cost elements, work capital and venture requirement. Particularly the inaccuracy of subjective forecasts and manager tendency to overestimate or underestimate the apprise of particular actions and its proving useful for evaluating alternatives market strategies (Bunn, 2009).It has three components namely value, brand and relationship equity. Value equity refers to customers high society product assessment based on the offer, price and convenience. McDonalds is an example of a fast food play along with a fair pricing policy, and this has raised customer equity and thus had a competition emolument over the competitors in marketing.The customer equity estimate from archived customers data enables managers to identify the pecuniary impact of alternative marketing value drivers of the customers equity. The areas covered are brand advertising, grapheme or service improvements, loyalty pro grams. Through computation, it is possible to determine the economic return for prospective marketing initiative.Estimation of each customers lifetime value roots on the data closely the frequency of their purchases in a category, the average quantity purchased and historical brand-switching patterns, combined with businesss component part margin. The necessary purchase data is obtainable from the businesss sales records while brand-switching patterns estimates from either longitudinal panel data or survey data similar to those collected in customer joy studies (Yu-Jia, 2011).It is a term used for an aspect essential for a business or project to get its set goals and mission. It is a small number of elements that tend to detach the winners from the losers. It is critical to alter the marketing strategies collectible to the ever-changing markets in order to meet and satisfy the customers needs. An example is in the retail industry, where location is a fundamental factor. The ind ustry

Nursing assessment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

treat assessment - Essay ExampleHaving noted all the foregoing findings, the three immediate nursing actions for female child Jones would be 1) To assess causative and precipitating factors, 2) to evaluate degree of excess fluids and 3) to promote mobilization/ extermination of excess fluids (Doenges, Marilyn E., Moorhouse, Mary Frances, pp. 224-225. Assessing the causative and precipitating factors will involve the anticipation of cardiac failure, so it is inwrought to regularly monitor her breathing along with oxygen level infusion. Aside from this, the fact that a rapid infusion of IV fluids could transpire, the drip rate of the patients IV fluids must be go over constantly and adjusted to normal limits (Olsen, June Looby, Giangrasso, A.P., 2000). All fluid intakes must be noted as to its lineage and volume. Similarly, the amount of sodium and potassium intake must be observed and noted in relation to ingested food, drugs and IV infusion.The second immediate nursing interve ntion is to evaluate degree of excess fluids present inside the individual. This second nursing action requires constant monitoring of vital signs (Medline Plus, 2007) to observe whether a change has occurred from the exit charting schedule.of any related complications that may occur. In relation to this, the present weight of Monica Jones must be compared to previous(prenominal) stated or admission weight since increase of weight could indicate that fluid is being bear in the body. Regular auscultation of the lungs for the presence of crackles must be done and charted during this phase of intervention to see whether the crackleware sounds that were previously heard have increased or diminished. Recording the occurrence of dyspnoea is equally internal within this secondary phase of nursing intervention, to note whether hard labour breathing is continuous or takes place only when triggered by an environmental stimuli. In accordance with

Business law help needed Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Business law help needed - Essay deterrent exampleIn a brief filed in Genes suit against Hoyt in a federal court, Ilsa, Genes attorney, cites, Jon v. Klint, an unpublished opinion. fit in to a ruling of the United States Supreme Court, the judge in Genes suitNevada enacts a law to foil Internet prescription transactions. new York enacts a ban on the Internet sale of tobacco products to New York nonmigratorys. Texas prohibits automakers from selling vehicles on their Web sites. State regulation of Internet activitiesThe Federal Trade Commission is a government agency that issues rules, orders, and decisions. The Georgia state legislature enacts statutes. The Jackson County Board and the Peach City Council enacts ordinances. administrative law includesThe Montana Supreme Court decides the case of National Co. v. Overseas Corp. Of nine justices, six take the perspicacity should be in Nationals favor. Justice Peel, one of the six, writes a separate opinion. The four justices who b elieve the judgment should be in Overseass favor join in a third separate opinion.Hua, a resident physician of Illinois, owns a warehouse in Indiana. A dispute arises over the ownership of the warehouse with Jac, a resident of Kentucky. Jac files a suit against Hua in Indiana. Regarding this suit, Indiana hasAlpha Company files a suit against Beta, Inc.