Alienation in Tennessee Williams, The Glass Menagerie Essay -- Tennes

Alienation in Tennessee Williams', The Glass Menagerie Life is a lonely tale of alienation, as Tennessee Williams conveys though his play, â€Å"The Glass Menagerie.† Williams surrounds Laura in isolation from a world in which they wish to belong to by using various symbols. The symbolic nature of the motifs hidden within the lines of this play provides meaning to the theme found consistent throughout the play: Individuals are all alone in the world. Williams brilliantly illuminates the idea of isolation through the symbolic use of glass. The symbolism of the glass is directly connected with the character of Laura. Similar to glass Laura is extremely fragile, her soul and image faces the possibility of being easily damaged and destroyed. Her character is tragically transparent as it is simple to decipher. However, glass objects, unlike a painting or photograph, have three dimensions. It is possible to examine every side of Laura’s fragile character, just as it is a glass figurine. Laura is trapped into a mold of glass, unable to move or break from its pattern; she is trapped in her own world of alienation. Yet, in a different light, glass reflects a rainbow of personality and beauty. Similar to the rainbow given off by glass Laura aids characters in achieving a sense of beautiful and colorful self-awareness. Williams contrasts light and dark to bring attention to Laura’s isolation from the world, and illuminate it as moments of the beauty that exists in huma...

Evaluation of Advert :: essays research papers

Evaluation of Advert My advert uses a woman’s moisturiser and places it along side a man. This is challenging the representation of men because in a normal advert it would of featured a women because it it’s aimed at women.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I started by placing a blue and white gradient background. This is plain and minimalistic but at the same time adding some colour to the advert whereas plain white would have appeared bland. I used blue because it is a very cool colour and is linked with cold colours and ice. I am trying to put across that the product is cool and ‘Smooth’ so cool blues play an important part in the colour scheme. I then added a picture of the product. I placed this in the top right and is quite big. This is to get across the product so there is no confusion in what is being advertised. I surrounded this with a black stroke to make it stand out even more and seeing as the top of the background was nearly white, and having a white bottle the two were hard to tell apart.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I then placed the name of the product next to it in cool, stylish colours but at the same time they contrast the blue and white and stand out really well. I used and effect that is help created by the program I used that appears as the letters are 3d and are ‘gel’ like.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  These were then complimented by a ‘And be’ which is the start of the slogan I chose to add. They are in big, Bold and black letters with a white outline to help it, again, stand out. This was placed in the centre of the advert so that they start to read the line and then it is followed through by the rest of the slogan.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The came the rest of the slogan which was ‘Smoooothe’ with too many O’s on purpose to stress the effect. These are in metallic green colours which are bold and vibrant. I stretched the first letter to kind of give the effect of the word zooming in at fast speed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Then I added a male model in black and white in the bottom left, He has an open, revealing and seducing shirt to attract people.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I then added a bold blue and green border that uses the same gel like effect as the name of product.

Marketing and Paul Logan Essay

ACA is a marketing consultant firm specializing in creating strategies to assist businesses. Our mission is to aid your company by planning suitable approaches to support brand transition for Manchester Products. Business Overview In the case of the Manchester Products: A Brand Transition Challenge (Quelch, 2009), Manchester Product was a manufacturer, which offers premium office furniture. Also, the company is one of the leading office furniture brands in the United States because of their skills in engineering and ergonomics that make the company’s products become popular in term of style and comfort. However, the research by the company shows that 5% of their consumers purposely bought office furniture products for home. Therefore, Manchester has decided to enter household furniture market with the acquisition of Paul Logan’s Furniture Davison (PLFD). Also, Paul Logan is a well-known brand for home furniture due to its fashionable and colorful style, which makes its products unique. In addition, the acquisition only included a furniture division; however, Paul Logan still runs the apparel, fashion accessories, and home dà ©cor divisions. Also, Paul Logan allows Manchester to use its brand nam e for only a three-year period. SWOT Analysis Strengths- Manchester has a strong reputation and brand image in the office furniture market, while PLFD is the leading brand for household furniture. Therefore, the coexistence of these two popular brands will allow the company easily promotes its products. Also, the acquisition of PLFD will allow the company to expand its product line as well as gain market share from household furniture market. In addition, the company financial was stabled and expected to grow by 30% in 2005. Weakness- the company is struggling with their distribution network because office furnisher distribution did not interact with home furnisher distribution network. Thus, the consumer might have difficulty to access home furnishes products line. Opportunities- the economy started to recover after the recession period, and it seems that the household furniture industry has been growing since 2002. Therefore, there is a potential for Manchester to enter the home furniture market during this period. Threats- the increasing number of imported furnishers from China and Mexico has threaten the United States furnisher industry because these regions have lower labor cost, which make product less expensive. For instance, over the past five years, the percentage of importing furnisher from China increases by 154%. If the low-cost imports trend from overseas still continues increasing, the United States furnisher industry might collapse in the future. Synopsis of the current situation The case, Manchester Products: A Brand Transition Challenge, Quelch (2009), reports that Manchester is facing the challenge of brand transition as well as determining the marketing expenditure to support the transition of the brand. Paul Logan has strong brand images, which allows Manchester to easily promote household products. However, Manchester can use the Paul Logan brand only for three year, so after three years, the company has to change the name and by that time its might struggle to rebrand itself. Therefore, the company must make sure at first place that the consumer will not confuse or mislead with these two brands. On the other hand, the company should take advantage of Paul Logan brand image because consumer have confident to buy Paul Logan product because in the sense that they will receive a high-style and quality finisher. Moreover, since the company will use Paul Logan brand only for three year, thus company have to determine the marketing expenditure for Paul Logan by finding the right advertising strategy and promotion programs. Currently, Paul Logan mainly spends its marketing budget on push programs such as volume rebates because the company believes that rebate program will lead to successful distribution network. Whereas, Manchester focus on pull program such as national adverting because advertisement will help company promote the brand as well as provoking of sales. Identify Key Marketing concepts Customer brand roles- brands will give the knowledge about the product to the consumer. Once consumers has experienced the product and its satisfied their need. Also, when consumer already have knowledge about the brand this will make they feel more comfortable for the next purchase. Purchase decision also became less. Paul Logan is already a well-known brand for household furnisher, and consumers have their product experience and knowledge about the brand. Thus, for the next purchase, the consumer will have confidence to buy the product because they has their experience in the brand and feeling they will receive quality piece. However, if Manchester considers rebrand itself, it might take time for consumer to learn about the brand also purchase decision is more longer than buying the branded ones. Company brand roles- to protect the brand, the company should be able to keep the feature of the product, such as design, also the brand will help company-categorizing product. For instance, Manchester is known as an office furnisher and consumer might be confused if Manchester used the same brand name for household furnisher product line. Thus, the Paul Logan brand has a stronger identification for household furnishers, and it will also help consumers not be confused about the brand. Competitor brand roles- the competitor of the market-leading brand is aiming to compete by building product to target at the market leader. For example, National Furniture Company, which is Paul Logan’s competitor in terms of price point, realize that Manchester and Paul Logan will merge that brand. National takes advantage of the uncertainly association by announcing price reduction.

Odyssey, realism or fantasy? Essay

Stories and epics can last throughout time; the Odyssey has proven the test of time. The Odyssey acts as a guide book for the Ancient Greeks but allows modern audiences to still enjoy the content. It helps give an oversight as to the life and morals of the Ancient world. Both realism and fantasy play a part in the Odyssey to create relatable tension and excitable journeys. The Gods help make and break Odysseus on his journey back to Ithaca. Homer enabled the gods to be anthropomorphic from the outset. The gods assemble a council to discuss Odysseus’ situation thus showing a democratic society that would be desirable to all audiences (almost promoting democracy as something even the gods would do). Zeus and Poseidon prove vengeful and merciful depending on the situation, similarly, Calypso and Circe show jealousy and selfishness when we first meet them on their own isolated islands. Calypso even suffers the injustice of double standards in which she is not permitted to marry a mortal: Odysseus. Gods such Aeolus add tension to the Odyssey as Odysseus’ men do not trust what is in the bag which results in being blown off course to Ithaca. The gods hold human emotions which has consequences on Odysseus throughout his journey, whether it being Ino’s sympathy or Poseidon’s wrath. Gods hold the ability to physically change into any human in the mortal world causing tests to the cities and enables Athena greatly in aiding Odysseus. The significantly differs to a modern audience’s potential view on a God, the Christian God is omnipotent and omnibenevolent. An Ancient audience is shown that the many gods do have the realism of human emotions but the powers to cause physical disasters (such as great waves and storms). This allows an ancient audience to relate more to the gods into how they should behave as well as that morals are important, however, even the gods have weak spots. Homer sustains fantasy and reality when describing the actions and intentions of the gods, merging them together to create his epic. Odysseus comes across many fantastical people in his journey home. He reaches the land of the Lystrogonians who at the surface seem like a civilised country, however, he goes on to discover that they are in fact cannibalistic giants. What started out as a potentially realistic view into another country to be discovered, turned into a fantastical and thrilling fight for their lives. Monsters such as Scylla and Charybdis, and the sirens prove only there to be dangerous. They try and prevent Odysseus from continuing home. They do, however, offer an insight into how Odysseus behaves and reacts to situations of fictional monsters. The monsters prove that Odysseus isn’t only strong against men, but even fantastical creatures which he would have never encountered before. Even Circe and Calypso and first of all presented as being the perfect Ancient Greek woman by singing and weaving when they are first presented in the epic. They seem normal and real but soon show their dangerous and evil intentions of hindering Odysseus. Homer disguises them as to seem real and normal but then throws in a fantastical twist to keep the audience engaged to how what might seem normal, is far from it. As well as this, the Phaecians are completely fantastical and a fictional town. They have such a strong relationship with the gods that the gods do not disguise themselves at all; they turn up in their true forms. They are even related to the Cyclopes who we find out Polyphemus is the son of Poseidon. Subsequently, from disobeying Poseidon, they get punished extremely harshly (they get turned into rocks for helping Odysseus leave their island) which is all fictional. Even through hall the different fictional islands he travels through and all the monsters he meets, Greek traditions such as xenia and proper burial rights still apply. The best example of this is Elpenor. He falls off of Circe’s roof and they do not burry him. By book 11, when Odysseus enters the Underworld, Elpenor begs Odysseus to find his body and properly burry him to which Odysseus complies. Similarly, whilst leaving the island of the Cicones, Odysseus and his crew solute the death of 72 men 3 times each as they sail away. The sheer respect to the dead and the lengths that Odysseus goes to respect them is shown throughout the Odyssey no matter where he is. Xenia is a system to respect strangers and there is a specific process to go through before asking the stranger questions (this involves feeding, bathing, clothing and a gift at the end of their stay). Circe awful xenia to Odysseus’ crew as she turns them into pigs however she does, in the end, correct her ways and give Odysseys’ crew a house, food and clothes for a year. The Phaecians do not show xenia to begin with either although they soon correct their ways. Xenia is about respecting Zeus as the gods can physically transform into humans and therefore could test anyone one their xenia. The perfect xenia of Nestor and Menelaus towards Telemachus are clear examples to an Ancient audience oh how to perform xenia. Even characters that don’t show xenia to begin with, end up complying which enables the realism of morals to come across with the ancient audience. The fantasy creatures and gods (such as Circe and Calypso) show xenia. The first half of the Odyssey shows a lot of excitement caused by the fantasy events that take place. The second half, once Odysseus lands in Ithaca, realism seems to take over in which Odysseus has to keep his disguises as a beggar and be opened to abuse which comes with it. This endurance of such awful behaviour of the suitors towards him gives, once again, clear morals to an ancient and modern audience of what is happening in Greece and what is viewed as unacceptable – the lack of xenia and curtsey of the suitors. The loyalty of Eumaeus and Eurycleia combined with the accepted trust of Telemachus who has gained his kleos provides entertainment as Odysseus plots to eliminate all 108 suitors using his strength and cunning. This scene is influential to show how badly a beggar would have been treated but the justice that finally came upon the suitors would give hope to an audience of an era, that the hero always wins. Fantasy adds to the entertainment of the Odyssey just as much as the finalism of reality raining back onto Ithaca as order is restored in a violent manner. Morals have not changed that dramatically since Ancient Greece therefore the Odyssey still applies the good morals of respecting everyone as well as the strong loyalty of family which can be valued and relatable throughout time. As the Odyssey is meant to be a guide book for morals for the Ancient Greeks, the Odyssey will use issues relating to their lifestyle (such as xenia, nostos, kleos and dike). The odyssey allows for real life issues to be twisted into a fantasy form which an ancient audience would respect – if the gods are anthropomorphic and they offer xenia and correct their ways, then so should mortals. Fantasy cannot be the only aspect to an epic which would last through time, the audience has to be able to relate to the issues which arise to the protagonist. The Odyssey portrays humanity, justice, consequences and loyalty whether that be through people such as Penelope and Odysseus, or the jealousy of Calypso and Odysseus. Readers can relate to the topics that arise in the Odyssey. Homer has enabled an epic to complement fantasy and reality into one 10 year journey across the unknown just to get home.

Ccna

LAN Switching and Wireless CCNA Exploration Labs and Study Guide LAN Switching and Wireless, CCNA Exploration Companion Guide LAN Switching and Wireless, CCNA Exploration Labs and Study Guide is designed to help you learn about and apply your knowledge of the LAN switching and wireless topics from Version 4 of the Cisco ® Networking Academy ® CCNA ® Exploration curriculum. Each chapter contains a Study Guide section and a Labs and Activities section. ISBN-10: 1-58713-207-9 ISBN-13: 978-158713-207-0 Study GuideThe dozens of exercises in this book help you learn the concepts and configurations crucial to your success as a CCNA exam candidate. Each chapter is slightly different and includes matching, multiple-choice, fill-in-the-blank, and open-ended questions designed to help you  ¦ Review vocabulary  ¦ Strengthen troubleshooting skills  ¦ Boost configuration skills  ¦ Reinforce concepts  ¦ Research topics Packet Tracer Activities—This icon identifies exercises i nterspersed throughout the Study Guide section where you can practice or visualize a specific task using Packet Tracer, a powerful network simulation program developed by Cisco.Packet Tracer Activity Labs and Activities The Labs and Activities sections begin with a Command Reference table and include all the online curriculum labs to ensure that you have mastered the practical skills needed to succeed in this course. Hands-On Labs—This icon identifies the hands-on labs created for each chapter. Work through all the Basic, Challenge, and Troubleshooting labs as provided to gain a deep understanding of CCNA knowledge and skills to ultimately succeed on the CCNA Certification Exam. Packet Tracer Companion—This icon identifies the companion activities that correspond to each hands-on lab.You use Packet Tracer to complete a simulation of the hands-on lab. Packet Tracer Companion Companion CD-ROM The CD-ROM provides all the Packet Tracer Activity, Packet Tracer Companion, an d Packet Tracer Challenge files that are referenced throughout the book as indicated by the icons. These files work with Packet Tracer v4. 1 software, which is available through the Academy Connection website. Ask your instructor for access to the Packet Tracer software. This book is part of the Cisco Networking Academy Series from Cisco Press ®. Books in this series support and complement theCisco Networking Academy curriculum. ciscopress. com Packet Tracer Skills Integration Challenge—Each chapter concludes with a culminating activity called the Packet Tracer Skills Integration Challenge. These challenging activities require you to pull together several skills learned from the chapter— as well as previous chapters and courses—to successfully complete one comprehensive exercise. Packet Tracer Challenge Allan Johnson works full time developing curriculum for Cisco Networking Academy. Allan also is a part-time instructor at Del Mar College in Corpus Christi, Te xas.LAN Switching and Wireless CCNA Exploration Labs and Study Guide Use this book with: ISBN-13: 978-1-58713-202-5 ISBN-10: 1-58713-202-8 90000 9 781587 132025 Cisco Press L AN Switching and Wireless CCNA Exploration Labs and Study Guide Allan Johnson 00_2028_fm. qxp ii 4/3/08 5:08 PM Page ii LAN Switching and Wireless, CCNA Exploration Labs and Study Guide LAN Switching and Wireless CCNA Exploration Labs and Study Guide Allan Johnson Copyright © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. Publisher Paul Boger Associate Publisher Dave Dusthimer Cisco Representative Anthony Wolfenden Published by: Cisco Press 00 East 96th Street Indianapolis, IN 46240 USA Cisco Press Program Manager Jeff Brady All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the publisher, except for the inclusion of brief quotations in a review. Production Manager Patrick Kanouse Printed in the United States of America Senior Project Editor Tonya Simpson First Printing April 2008 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data:Johnson, Allan, 1962LAN switching and wireless : CCNA exploration labs and study guide / Allan Johnson. p. cm. ISBN-13: 978-1-58713-202-5 (pbk. ) ISBN-10: 1-58713-202-8 (pbk. ) 1. Wireless LANs—Examinations—Study guides. 2. Packet switching—Examinations—Study guides. 3. Telecommunications engineers—Certification—Examinations—Study guides. 4. Routing (Computer network management)—Examinations—Study guides. 5. Telecommunication—Switching systems Examinations—Study guides. I. Title. TK5105. 78. J64 2008 004. 6'8—dc22 2008014858 ISBN-13: 978-1-58713-202-5 ISBN-10: 1-58713-202-8 Executive Editor Mary Beth RayDevelopment Editor Andrew Cupp Copy Editor Bill McManus Technical Editors Bruce R. Gottwig Khalid Rubay i Tara Skibar Linda C. Watson Editorial Assistant Vanessa Evans Book and Cover Designer Louisa Adair Composition Mark Shirar Proofreader Leslie Joseph 00_2028_fm. qxp 4/3/08 5:08 PM Page xvii xvii Introduction The Cisco Networking Academy is a comprehensive e-learning program that provides students with Internet technology skills. A Networking Academy delivers web-based content, online assessment, student performance tracking, and hands-on labs to prepare students for industry-standard certifications.The CCNA curriculum includes four courses oriented around the topics on the Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA) certification. LAN Switching and Wireless, CCNA Exploration Labs and Study Guide is a supplement to your classroom and laboratory experience with the Cisco Networking Academy. In order to be successful on the exam and achieve your CCNA certification, you should do everything in your power to arm yourself with a variety of tools and training materials to support your learn ing efforts. This Labs and Study Guide is just such a collection of tools.Used to its fullest extent, it will help you gain the knowledge and practice the skills associated with the content area of the CCNA Exploration LAN Switching and Wireless course. Specifically, this book will help you work on these main areas:  ¦ LAN design principles and concepts  ¦ Ethernet operation with switches  ¦ Basic switch configuration and security  ¦ VLAN concepts and configuration  ¦ VTP concepts and configuration  ¦ STP, RSTP, and rapid PVST+ concepts and configuration  ¦ Inter-VLAN routing concepts and configuration  ¦ LAN wireless concepts and security issues LAN wireless configuration using Linksys WRT300N routers  ¦ Troubleshooting LAN switching and wireless configurations Labs and Study Guides similar to this one are also available for the other three courses: Network Fundamentals, CCNA Exploration Labs and Study Guide, Routing Protocols and Concepts, CCNA Exploration Labs a nd Study Guide, and Accessing the WAN, CCNA Exploration Labs and Study Guide. Audience for This Book This book’s main audience is anyone taking the CCNA Exploration LAN Switching and Wireless course of the Cisco Networking Academy curriculum.Many Academies use this book as a required tool in the course, while other Academies recommend the Labs and Study Guides as an additional source of study and practice materials. The secondary audiences for this book include people taking CCNA-related classes from professional training organizations. This book can also be used for college- and university-level networking courses, as well as anyone wanting to gain a detailed understanding of basic switching and wireless technologies. 00_2028_fm. qxp xviii 4/3/08 5:08 PM Page xviii LAN Switching and Wireless, CCNA Exploration Labs and Study Guide Goals and MethodsThe most important goal of this book is to help you pass the CCNA exam (640-802). Passing this foundation exam means that you not only have the required knowledge of the technologies covered by the exam, but that you can plan, design, implement, operate, and troubleshoot these technologies. In other words, these exams are rigorously application based. You can view the exam topics any time at http://www. cisco. com/go/certifications. The topics are divided into eight categories:  ¦ Describe how a network works  ¦ Configure, verify, and troubleshoot a switch with VLANs and inter-switch communications  ¦Implement an IP addressing scheme and IP services to meet network requirements in a medium-sized enterprise branch office network  ¦ Configure, verify, and troubleshoot basic router operation and routing on Cisco devices  ¦ Explain and select the appropriate administrative tasks required for a WLAN  ¦ Identify security threats to a network and describe general methods to mitigate those threats  ¦ Implement, verify, and troubleshoot NAT and ACLs in a medium-sized enterprise branch office network  ¦ Implement and verify WAN links The LAN Switching and Wireless course focuses on the second, fifth, and sixth bullets.The Study Guide portion of each chapter offers exercises that help you learn the LAN switching and wireless concepts as well as the configurations crucial to your success as a CCNA exam candidate. Each chapter is slightly different and includes some or all of the following types of exercises:  ¦  ¦ Skill-building activities and scenarios  ¦ Configuration scenarios  ¦ Concept questions  ¦ Packet Tracer Activity Vocabulary matching and completion Internet research In the configuration chapters, you’ll find many Packet Tracer Activities that work with the Cisco Packet Tracer tool.Packet Tracer allows you to create networks, visualize how packets flow in the network, and use basic testing tools to determine whether the network would work. When you see this icon, you can use Packet Tracer with the listed file to perform a task suggested in this book. The a ctivity files are available in this book’s CD-ROM; Packet Tracer software, however, is available through the Academy Connection website. Ask your instructor for access to Packet Tracer. The Labs and Activities portion of each chapter includes a Command Reference table, all the online Curriculum Labs, and a Packet Tracer Skills Integration Challenge Activity.The Curriculum Labs are divided into three categories:  ¦ Basic: The Basic Labs are procedural in nature and assume you have no experience configuring the technologies that are the topic of the lab.  ¦ Challenge: The Challenge Labs are implementation in nature and assume you have a firm enough grasp on the technologies to â€Å"go it alone. † These labs often only give you a general requirement that you must implement fully without the details of each small step. In other words, you must use the knowledge and skills you gained in the chapter text, activities, and Basic Lab to successfully complete the Challenge Labs.Avoid the temptation to work through 00_2028_fm. qxp 4/3/08 5:08 PM Page xix xix the Challenge Lab by flipping back through the Basic Lab when you are not sure of a command. Do not try to short-circuit your CCNA training. You need a deep understanding CCNA knowledge and skills to ultimately be successful on the CCNA exam.  ¦ Troubleshooting: The Troubleshooting Labs will ask you to fix a broken network. These labs include corrupted scripts you purposefully load onto the routers. Then you use troubleshooting techniques to isolate problems and implement a solution.By the end of the lab, you should have a functional network with full end-to-end connectivity. Packet Tracer Companion Most of the hands-on labs include Packet Tracer Companion Activities where you can use Packet Tracer to complete a simulation of the lab. Packet Tracer Challenge Each chapter also includes a culminating activity called the Packet Tracer Skills Integration Challenge. These activities require you to pul l together several skills learned from the chapter— and from previous chapters and courses—to successfully complete one comprehensive exercise. A Word About Packet TracerPacket Tracer is a self-paced, visual, interactive teaching and learning tool developed by Cisco. Lab activities are an important part of networking education. However, lab equipment can be a scarce resource. Packet Tracer provides a visual simulation of equipment and network processes to offset the challenge of limited equipment. Students can spend as much time as they like completing standard lab exercises through Packet Tracer, and have the option to work from home. Although Packet Tracer is not a substitute for real equipment, it allows students to practice using a command-line interface.This â€Å"e-doing† capability is a fundamental component of learning how to configure routers and switches from the command line. Packet Tracer v4. x is available only to Cisco Networking Academies through the Academy Connection website. How This Book Is Organized Because the content of LAN Switching and Wireless, CCNA Exploration Companion Guide and the online curriculum is sequential, you should work through this Labs and Study Guide in order beginning with Chapter 1. The book covers the major topic headings in the same sequence as the online curriculum for the CCNA Exploration LAN Switching and Wireless course.This book has seven chapters, with the same numbers and names as the online course chapters. If necessary, a chapter uses a single topology for the exercises in the Study Guide portion. The single topology per chapter allows for better continuity and easier understanding of switching commands, operations, and outputs. However, the topology is different from the one used in the online curriculum and the Companion Guide. A different topology affords you the opportunity to practice your knowledge and skills without just simply recording the information you find in the text.  ¦ Chapter 1, â€Å"LAN Design†: The exercises in the Study Guide portion focus on LAN design concepts, including vocabulary and the three-layer hierarchical model. The Labs and Activities portion includes a Basic Lab, a Challenge Lab, a Troubleshooting Lab, and a Packet Tracer Skills Integration Challenge activity.  ¦ Chapter 2, â€Å"Basic Switch Concepts and Configuration†: The exercises in the Study Guide portion help you understand basic Ethernet and switching concepts, including building the MAC address table and collision and broadcast domains. Then, the Packet Tracer exercises 00_2028_fm. qxp xx 4/3/08 5:08 PMPage xx LAN Switching and Wireless, CCNA Exploration Labs and Study Guide cover, in detail, how to configure a switch, including basic switch management and configuring switch security. The Labs and Activities portion includes two Basic Labs, a Challenge Lab, and a Packet Tracer Skills Integration Challenge activity.  ¦ Chapter 3, â€Å"VLANs†: The exercises in the Study Guide portion focus on the concepts of VLANs, including benefits of VLANs and types of VLANs. The exercises then cover VLAN trunking concepts before moving into a section devoted to a VLAN and trunk configuration Packet Tracer exercise.The Labs and Activities portion includes a Basic Lab, a Challenge Lab, a Troubleshooting Lab, and a Packet Tracer Skills Integration Challenge activity.  ¦ Chapter 4, â€Å"VTP†: The exercises in the Study Guide portion are devoted to VTP concepts and configuration, including vocabulary, VTP modes, an Internet research exercise, and a VTP Packet Tracer exercise. The Labs and Activities portion includes a Basic Lab, a Challenge Lab, a Troubleshooting Lab, and a Packet Tracer Skills Integration Challenge activity.  ¦Chapter 5, â€Å"STP†: The exercises in the Study Guide portion focus on the concept of redundant LAN topologies, using STP and its variants to stop loops, and the commands to manipulate root bridge elections. The Labs and Activities portion of the chapter includes a Basic Lab, a Challenge Lab, a Troubleshooting Lab, and a Packet Tracer Skills Integration Challenge activity.  ¦ Chapter 6, â€Å"Inter-VLAN Routing†: This short chapter focuses on how to configure interVLAN routing, including two Packet Tracer exercises.The Labs and Activities portion includes a Basic Lab, a Challenge Lab, a Troubleshooting Lab, and a Packet Tracer Skills Integration Challenge activity.  ¦ Chapter 7, â€Å"Basic Wireless Concepts and Configuration†: The exercises in the Study Guide portion begin with wireless LAN concepts, including standards, operation, and security. The exercises then cover wireless configuration for LAN access using a Linksys WRT300N, including a Packet Tracer exercise. The Labs and Activities portion of the chapter includes a Basic Lab, a Challenge Lab, a Troubleshooting Lab, and a Packet Tracer Skills Integration Challenge activity.About the CD-ROM Packet Tr acer Activity The CD-ROM included with this book has all the Packet Tracer Activity, Packet Tracer Companion, and Packet Tracer Challenge files that are referenced throughout the book, indicated by the Packet Tracer Activity, Packet Tracer Companion, and Packet Tracer Challenge icons. Packet Tracer Companion Updates to these files can be obtained from the website for this book at http://www. ciscopress. com/title/1587132028. The files will be updated to cover any subsequent releases of Packet Tracer. Packet Tracer Challenge About the Cisco Press Website for This BookCisco Press may provide additional content that can be accessed by registering your individual book at the Ciscopress. com website. Becoming a member and registering is free, and you then gain access to exclusive deals on other resources from Cisco Press. To register this book, go to www. ciscopress. com/bookstore/register. asp and log into your account or create a free account if you do not have one already. Then enter the ISBN located on the back cover of this book. After you register the book, it will appear on your Account page under Registered Products and you can access any online material from there. 6_2028_ch06. qxp 4/3/08 5:10 PM Page 239 CHAPTER 6 Inter-VL AN Routing Now that you have a network with many different VLANs, the next question is, â€Å"How do you permit devices on separate VLANs to communicate? † The exercises in this chapter review the concepts of inter-VLAN routing and how it is used to permit devices on separate VLANs to communicate. The Study Guide portion of this chapter uses a combination of fill-in-the-blank, open-ended question, and Packet Tracer exercises to test your knowledge of inter-VLAN routing concepts and configurations.The Labs and Activities portion of this chapter includes all the online curriculum labs to ensure that you have mastered the hands-on skills needed to understand inter-VLAN routing concepts and configuration. As you work through this cha pter, use Chapter 6 in LAN Switching and Wireless, CCNA Exploration Companion Guide or use the corresponding Chapter 6 in the Exploration LAN Switching and Wireless online curriculum for assistance. 06_2028_ch06. qxp 240 4/3/08 5:10 PM Page 240 LAN Switching and Wireless, CCNA Exploration Labs and Study Guide Study Guide Inter-VLAN RoutingThe exercise in this section covers what inter-VLAN routing is and some of the different ways to accomplish inter-VLAN routing on a network. Inter-VLAN Routing Concepts Exercise Introducing Inter-VLAN Routing Define inter-VLAN routing: Briefly explain traditional inter-VLAN routing: Briefly explain â€Å"router-on-a-stick† inter-VLAN routing: What are subinterfaces? Interfaces and Subinterfaces In Figure 6-1, PC1 and PC3 need connectivity between each other. However, each is on a different VLAN. Assume S1 is already configured for traditional inter-VLAN routing. In Figure 6-1, connect S1 and R1 and label the interfaces.Then record the comman ds to configure R1 with traditional interVLAN routing. Use the first available IP addresses in each VLAN for the router interfaces. Figure 6-1 Traditional Inter-VLAN Routing Configuration R1 S1 10. 10. 10. 10 VLAN 10 PC1 VLAN 10: 10. 10. 10. 0/24 VLAN 30: 10. 10. 30. 0/24 PC3 10. 10. 30. 10 VLAN 30 06_2028_ch06. qxp 4/3/08 5:10 PM Page 241 Chapter 6: Inter-VLAN Routing 241 In the following lines, record the commands to configure R1 with traditional inter-VLAN routing: In Figure 6-2, PC1 and PC3 need connectivity between each other. However, each is on a different VLAN.Assume S1 is already configured for router-on-a-stick inter-VLAN routing. In Figure 6-2, connect S1 and R1 and label the interfaces. Then record the commands to configure R1 with router-on-astick inter-VLAN routing. Use the first available IP addresses in each VLAN for the router interfaces. Figure 6-2 Router-on-a-Stick Inter-VLAN Routing Configuration R1 S1 10. 10. 10. 10 VLAN 10 PC1 VLAN 10: 10. 10. 10. 0/24 VLAN 30: 10. 10. 30. 0/24 PC3 10. 10. 30. 10 VLAN 30 In the following lines, record the commands to configure R1 with router-on-a-stick inter-VLAN routing:Complete Table 6-1, which compares the characteristics of configuring traditional inter-VLAN routing with router-on-a-stick inter-VLAN routing. Table 6-1 Comparing Traditional and Router-on-a-Stick Inter-VLAN Routing Characteristics Characteristic Traditional Router-on-a-Stick Physical interfaces Bandwidth Switch port configuration continues 06_2028_ch06. qxp 242 4/3/08 5:10 PM Page 242 LAN Switching and Wireless, CCNA Exploration Labs and Study Guide Table 6-1 Comparing Traditional and Router-on-a-Stick Inter-VLAN Routing Characteristics continued Characteristic Traditional Router-on-a-Stick ExpensePhysical complexity Configuring Inter-VLAN Routing The exercises in this section cover how to configure inter-VLAN routing and review the commands to configure a switch to support inter-VLAN routing. Inter-VLAN Routing Configuration Exercise F igure 6-3 shows two topologies. One topology is using traditional inter-VLAN routing and the other topology is using router-on-a-stick inter-VLAN routing. The addressing for both topologies is shown in Table 6-2. For this exercise, you will not configure a separate management or native VLAN. Figure 6-3 Inter-VLAN Routing Configuration Topology Traditional Inter-VLAN Routing Router-on-a-Stick† Inter-VLAN Routing R1 R2 Fa0/0 Fa0/1 Fa0/0 Fa0/1 Fa0/2 Fa0/1 S1 Fa0/6 PC1 Fa0/6 VLAN 10: 192. 168. 10. 0/24 VLAN 20: 192. 168. 20. 0/24 192. 168. 10. 10 VLAN 10 Table 6-2 S2 Fa0/11 PC2 192. 168. 20. 10 VLAN 20 PC3 Fa0/11 VLAN 30: 192. 168. 30. 0/24 VLAN 40: 192. 168. 40. 0/24 192. 168. 30. 10 VLAN 30 PC4 192. 168. 40. 10 VLAN 40 Addressing Table for Inter-VLAN Routing Configuration Exercise Device Interface IP Address Subnet Mask Default Gateway R1 Fa0/0 192. 168. 10. 1 255. 255. 255. 0 — Fa0/1 192. 168. 20. 1 255. 255. 255. 0 — PC1 NIC 192. 168. 10. 10 255. 255. 255. 0 192. 168. 10. 1 PC2 NIC 192. 168. 0. 10 255. 255. 255. 0 192. 168. 20. 10 R2 Fa0/0. 30 192. 168. 30. 1 255. 255. 255. 0 — Fa0/0. 40 192. 168. 40. 1 255. 255. 255. 0 — PC3 NIC 192. 168. 30. 10 255. 255. 255. 0 192. 168. 30. 1 PC4 NIC 192. 168. 40. 10 255. 255. 255. 0 192. 168. 40. 1 06_2028_ch06. qxp 4/3/08 5:10 PM Page 243 Chapter 6: Inter-VLAN Routing 243 Enter the commands, including the router prompt, to configure R1 for traditional inter-VLAN routing: Enter the commands, including the switch prompt, to configure S1 to forward VLAN traffic. Assume the VLANs are already created in the VLAN database. However, VLANs have not yet been assigned to any ports.Enter the commands, including the router prompt, to configure R2 for router-on-a-stick inter-VLAN routing: Enter the commands, including the switch prompt, to configure S2 to forward VLAN traffic. Assume the VLANs are already created in the VLAN database. However, VLANs have not yet been assigned to any ports. 06_2028_ch0 6. qxp 244 4/3/08 5:10 PM Page 244 LAN Switching and Wireless, CCNA Exploration Labs and Study Guide Packet Tracer Activity Packet Tracer Exercise 6-1: Inter-VLAN Configuration Now you are ready to use Packet Tracer to apply your answers to the â€Å"Inter-VLAN Routing Configuration Exercise. Open file LSG03-0601. pka on the CD-ROM that accompanies this book to perform this exercise using Packet Tracer. Note: The following instructions are also contained within the Packet Tracer Exercise. Learning Objectives Upon completion of this Packet Tracer Exercise, you will be able to  ¦ Configure traditional inter-VLAN routing  ¦ Configure router-on-a-stick inter-VLAN routing  ¦ Verify connectivity  ¦ Save the Packet Tracer file Scenario In this exercise, you will practice configuring both traditional and router-on-a-stick inter-VLAN routing. The routers and switches have a basic configuration.The passwords are cisco for user EXEC mode and class for privileged EXEC mode. Use your an swers from the â€Å"Inter-VLAN Routing Configuration Exercise† to complete the tasks. Task 1: Configure Traditional Inter-VLAN Routing Step 1. Configure R1 for traditional inter-VLAN routing. Step 2. Configure S1 to forward VLAN traffic. Step 3. Your completion percentage should be 53 percent. If not, click Check Results to see which required components are not yet completed. Task 2: Configure Router-on-a-Stick Inter-VLAN Routing Step 1. Configure R2 for router-on-a-stick inter-VLAN routing. Step 2.Configure S2 to forward VLAN traffic. Step 3. Your completion percentage should be 100 percent. If not, click Check Results to see which required components are not yet completed. Task 3: Verify Connectivity PC1 should be able to ping PC2. PC3 should be able to ping PC4. Alternatively, you can click Check Results and then the Connectivity Tests tab. The status of both connectivity tests should be listed as â€Å"Correct. † Task 4: Save the Packet Tracer File Save your Packe t Tracer file as LSG03-0601-end. pka. 06_2028_ch06. qxp 4/3/08 5:10 PM Page 245 Chapter 6: Inter-VLAN Routing 245 Troubleshooting Inter-VLAN RoutingThe exercises in this section explore common issues and troubleshooting methods to identify and correct problems in inter-VLAN routing implementations. Common Errors and Troubleshooting Tools Exercise Using the examples shown in the chapter, list at least six common errors in the inter-VLAN routing implementations. Switch Configuration Issues:  ¦  ¦  ¦ Router Configuration Issues:  ¦  ¦ IP Addressing Issues:  ¦  ¦  ¦ What are some useful commands you can use to isolate problems in an inter-VLAN routing network? Switch IOS Commands:  ¦  ¦ Router IOS Commands:  ¦  ¦ PC Commands:  ¦ Packet Tracer ActivityPacket Tracer Exercise 6-2: Troubleshooting Inter-VLAN Routing Now you are ready to use Packet Tracer to apply your knowledge of troubleshooting techniques. Open file LSG03-0602. pka on the CD-ROM that accompanies this book to perform this exercise using Packet Tracer. Note: The following instructions are also contained within the Packet Tracer Exercise. 06_2028_ch06. qxp 246 4/3/08 5:10 PM Page 246 LAN Switching and Wireless, CCNA Exploration Labs and Study Guide Learning Objectives Upon completion of this Packet Tracer Exercise, you will be able to  ¦ Test connectivity between the PCs and the router Gather data on the problems  ¦ Implement solutions and test connectivity Scenario In this exercise, you will practice troubleshooting both traditional and router-on-a-stick inter-VLAN routing. The routers, switches, and PCs are already configured and are using the IP addresses listed in Table 6-2. You cannot access the routers or switches directly. Instead, you must use the available console connections through the PCs. The passwords are cisco for user EXEC mode and class for privileged EXEC mode. Use connectivity tests and show commands to discover problems and troubleshoot the networks.The exercise is complete when you achieve 100 percent and the two PCs on each network can ping each other. Task 1: Configure Traditional Inter-VLAN Routing The following tests should be successful at the conclusion of this activity:  ¦ PC1 can ping R1.  ¦ PC2 can ping R1.  ¦ PC1 can ping PC2.  ¦ PC3 can ping R2.  ¦ PC4 can ping R2.  ¦ PC3 can ping PC4. Each of these tests should fail on the first attempt. Task 2: Gather Data on the Problems Step 1. Verify the configuration on the PCs. Are the following configurations for each PC correct?  ¦  ¦ Subnet mask  ¦ Step 2. IP address Default gatewayVerify the configuration on the switches. Are the configurations on the switches correct? Be sure to verify the following:  ¦ Ports assigned to the correct VLANs  ¦ Ports configured for the correct mode  ¦ Ports connected to the correct device 06_2028_ch06. qxp 4/3/08 5:10 PM Page 247 Chapter 6: Inter-VLAN Routing Step 3. 247 Verify the configuration on the routers. Are the configurations on the routers correct? Be sure to verify the following:  ¦  ¦ Interface status  ¦ Step 4. IP addresses Encapsulation and VLAN assignment Document the problems and suggest solutions. What are the reasons connectivity failed between the PCs?What are the solutions? There could be more than one problem and more than one solution. All solutions must conform to the topology diagram in Figure 6-3 and the addressing in Table 6-2. List the problems, if any, and the solutions for the PCs: List the problems, if any, and the solutions for the switches: List the problems, if any, and the solutions for routers: Task 3: Implement the Solution and Test Connectivity Step 1. Make changes according to the suggested solutions in Task 2. Note: If you make changes to the switch configuration, you should make the changes in Realtime mode rather than Simulation mode.This is necessary so that the switch port will proceed to the forwarding state. Step 2. Test connectivity between PCs an d R1. If you change any IP configurations, you should create new pings because the prior pings use the old IP address:  ¦ PC1 should be able to ping R1.  ¦ PC2 should be able to ping R1. 06_2028_ch06. qxp 248 4/3/08 5:10 PM Page 248 LAN Switching and Wireless, CCNA Exploration Labs and Study Guide  ¦ PC1 should be able to ping PC2.  ¦ PC3 should be able to ping R2.  ¦ PC4 should be able to ping R2.  ¦ PC3 should be able to ping PC4. If any pings fail, return to Task 2 to continue troubleshooting.Step 3. Check results. Your completion percentage should be 100 percent. If not, return to Step 1 and continue to implement your suggested solutions. You will not be able to click Check Results and see which required components are not yet completed. However, you can click Check Results and then the Connectivity Tests tab. The status of all six connectivity tests should be listed as â€Å"Correct. † Task 4: Save the Packet Tracer File Save your Packet Tracer file as LSG03- 0602-end. pka. 06_2028_ch06. qxp 4/3/08 5:10 PM Page 249 Chapter 6: Inter-VLAN Routing 249 Labs and Activities Command ReferenceIn Table 6-3, record the command, including the correct prompt, that fits the description. Fill in any blanks with the appropriate missing information. Table 6-3 Commands for Inter-VLAN Routing Configuration Command Description Creates a subinterface numbered 10 on the router for Fa0/0 Specifies IEEE 801. 1Q as the VLAN tagging method for VLAN 10 on this subinterface Lab 6-1: Basic Inter-VLAN Routing (6. 4. 1) Learning Objectives Upon completion of this lab, you will be able to  ¦ Cable a network according to the topology diagram in Figure 6-4  ¦ Clear configurations and reload a switch and a router to the default state Perform basic configuration tasks on a switched LAN and router  ¦ Configure VLANs and VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP) on all switches  ¦ Demonstrate and explain the impact of Layer 3 boundaries imposed by creating VLANs  ¦ Configure a router to support 802. 1Q trunking on a Fast Ethernet interface  ¦ Configure a router with subinterfaces corresponding to the configured VLANs  ¦ Demonstrate and explain inter-VLAN routing 06_2028_ch06. qxp 250 4/3/08 5:10 PM Page 250 LAN Switching and Wireless, CCNA Exploration Labs and Study Guide Figure 6-4 shows the topology diagram for this lab. Figure 6-4 Topology Diagram for Lab 6-1F0/0 R1 WEB/TFTP Server 172. 17. 50. 254 F0/1 F0/1 F0/2 S3 F0/4 F0/5 F0/1 F0/2 F0/3 S1 F0/3 F0/1 F0/2 F0/3 F0/4 F0/4 S2 F0/11 F0/6 F0/18 PC1 172. 17. 10. 21 VLAN 10 PC2 172. 17. 20. 22 VLAN 20 PC3 172. 17. 30. 23 VLAN 30 Table 6-4 shows the addressing scheme used in this lab. Table 6-4 Addressing Table for Lab 6-1 Device Interface IP Address Subnet Mask Default Gateway R1 Fa0/0 172. 17. 50. 1 255. 255. 255. 0 — Fa0/1. 1 172. 17. 1. 1 255. 255. 255. 0 — Fa0/1. 10 172. 17. 10. 1 255. 255. 255. 0 — Fa0/1. 20 172. 17. 20. 1 255. 255. 255. 0 — Fa0/1. 30 172. 17. 30. 1 25 5. 255. 255. 0 — Fa0/1. 99 172. 17. 9. 1 255. 255. 255. 0 — S1 VLAN 99 172. 17. 99. 11 255. 255. 255. 0 172. 17. 99. 1 S2 VLAN 99 172. 17. 99. 12 255. 255. 255. 0 172. 17. 99. 1 S3 VLAN 99 172. 17. 99. 13 255. 255. 255. 0 172. 17. 99. 1 PC1 NIC 172. 17. 10. 21 255. 255. 255. 0 172. 17. 10. 1 PC2 NIC 172. 17. 20. 22 255. 255. 255. 0 172. 17. 20. 1 PC3 NIC 172. 17. 30. 23 255. 255. 255. 0 172. 17. 30. 1 Web server NIC 172. 17. 50. 254 255. 255. 255. 0 172. 17. 50. 1 06_2028_ch06. qxp 4/3/08 5:10 PM Page 251 Chapter 6: Inter-VLAN Routing 251 Table 6-5 shows the port assignments used in this lab. Table 6-5 Port Assignments for S2 PortsAssignment Network Fa0/1–0/4 802. 1Q Trunks (Native VLAN 99) 172. 17. 99. 0 /24 Fa0/5–0/10 VLAN 30—Guest (Default) 172. 17. 30. 0 /24 Fa0/11–0/17 VLAN 10—Faculty/Staff 172. 17. 10. 0 /24 Fa0/18–0/24 VLAN 20—Students 172. 17. 20. 0 /24 Task 1: Prepare the Network Step 1. Cable a network that is similar to the one shown in Figure 6-4. You can use any current switch in your lab as long as it has the required interfaces shown in Figure 6-4 and supports 802. 1Q encapsulation. The router you choose must support inter-VLAN routing. The output shown in this lab is based on Cisco 2960 switches and an 1841 router.Other switch or router models may produce different output. Set up console connections to all three switches. Step 2. Clear any existing configurations on the switches. Clear NVRAM, delete the vlan. dat file, and reload the switches. Refer to â€Å"Lab 2-1: Basic Switch Configuration (2. 5. 1)† if necessary for the procedure. After the reload is complete, use the show vlan command to confirm that only default VLANs exist and that all ports are assigned to VLAN 1. S1#show vlan VLAN Name Status Ports —— ——————————————— ———— - ——————————————1 default active Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4 Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8Fa0/9, Fa0/10, Fa0/11, Fa0/12 Fa0/13, Fa0/14, Fa0/15,Fa0/16 Fa0/17, Fa0/18, Fa0/19,Fa0/20 Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Fa0/23,Fa0/24 Gig1/1, Gig1/2 1002 fddi-default active 1003 token-ring-default active 1004 fddinet-default active 1005 trnet-default active 06_2028_ch06. qxp 252 4/3/08 5:10 PM Page 252 LAN Switching and Wireless, CCNA Exploration Labs and Study Guide Step 3. Disable all ports on the switches using the shutdown command. Ensure that the initial switch port states are inactive by disabling all ports. Use the interface range command to simplify this task. Commands for S1 are shown here: S1(config)#interface range fa0/1-24S1(config-if-range)#shutdown S1(config-if-range)#interface range gi0/1-2 S1(config-if-range)#shutdown Step 4. Reenable the active user ports on S2 in access mode: S2(config)#interface fa0/6 S2(config-if)#switchport mode access S2(config-if)#no shutdown S2(config-if)#interface fa0/11 S2(config-if)#switchport mode access S2(config-if)#no shutdown S2(config-if)#interface fa0/18 S2(config-if)#switchport mode access S2(config-if)#no shutdown Task 2: Perform Basic Switch Configurations Configure the S1, S2, and S3 switches according to the addressing table and the following guidelines:  ¦Configure the switch hostname.  ¦ Disable DNS lookup.  ¦ Configure an enable secret password of class.  ¦ Configure a password of cisco for the console connections.  ¦ Configure a password of cisco for vty connections.  ¦ Configure the default gateway on each switch. Only the commands for S1 are shown here: Switch;gt;enable Switch#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Switch(config)#hostname S1 S1(config)#enable secret class S1(config)#no ip domain-lookup S1(config)#ip default-gateway 172. 17. 99. 1 S1(config)#line console 0 S1(conf ig-line)#password ciscoS1(config-line)#login S1(config-line)#line vty 0 15 S1(config-line)#password cisco S1(config-line)#login S1(config-line)

Marketing Issue Concerning Positioning Strategy of Clean Edge Essay - 37

Marketing Issue Concerning Positioning Strategy of Clean Edge - Essay Example Considering this problem, Randall, the one given the authority to take charge of positioning strategy of Clean Edge has to find alternative courses of actions then analyze them well and choose the probable best among them. The entire problem highlights the idea of marketing issue concerning positioning strategy of Clean Edge. It talks about the point whether it is good to pursue its launching in the market knowing that it could somehow compete with company’s bread and butter such as Paramount Pro and Avail. The company might be a bit hesitant to pursue this issue as there are required data needed to be unearthed prior to the actual decision-making process. Thus, it is not enough to rely on the point that the customers are becoming sophisticated, knowing what they exactly need in the advent of technological advancement. For this reason, Randall, on behalf of the Paramount should consider investigating alternative courses of actions. One alternative course of action is to launch Clean Edge as a niche product within a year or two, which has to be the indicated period of the market trial. For this reason, he has to consider conducting economic analysis in order to be sure about the output. This part icularly would take into account some probable impacts such as the cannibalization effect. So a profit-loss pro forma is necessary in order to find out Clean Edge’s performance and its potential impact on the current profit Paramount’s top products are generating. It is not easy to decide right away. What Randall requires is a thorough market research on this issue taking into account the associated economic analysis and a benefit-loss analysis. In order for Paramount to grow more, it has to significantly analyze the product life cycle of its top products and the extent to which customers are becoming sophisticated with the latest innovations in technology.  

Construct an incident response plan Research Paper

Construct an incident response plan - Research Paper Example The metrics are further discussed in relation to what is to be measured in the policy, how it is to be measured and the kind of action to be performed with the information. This is to ensure that the policy is workable and makes sense in relation to the fact that the impacts can be quantified. In the Information Technology, being a continuously developing field, there are risks that come with dynamic nature of the field. The exposure to such risks, if not secured, normally leads to loss of income in the sector. These risks involve hacking, using the website for adverts among others (Beale et al., 2003).In addition, the risks deserve some scrutiny so as to understand how to tackle them. The policy is supposed to ensure that the risks that lead to vulnerability are taken into consideration so that they can be mitigated or reduced to the minimal state possible. Analysis of such risks will ensure that the firm does not experience unnecessary loses that could be controlled through the use of appropriate policies and institutional framework. The unsecured risks that include hacking are the major challenges experienced in the IT sector and, therefore, tackling it will be of a much relief to the firm. This will also make the firm outstanding in terms of competition since its products will not be able to be duplicated or pirated thus a fair competition (Johnson, 2013). Addressing the unsecured risks will ensure that the IT firm gets its profit to the maximum thus eliminating issues like retrenchments and early retirement that are proposed by the firm due to low profits. The employees will also be able to work in an IT secured environment whereby their personal information and their unique work that come from their expertise cannot be leaked to the public without their consent. Their work also cannot be lost due to the deliberate introduction of computer viruses by the competitors (Easttom, 2013). The policy will ensure that the